Application of Specific Ectomycorrhizal Fungi in World Forestry

Effects of Media Formulation on the Growth and Morphology of Ectomycorrhizae and Their Association with Host Plant

“…Observations indicate that NBRC 109050, NBRC 109051, NBRC 109052, and RR are suitable for inoculation to pine seedlings due to their adaptability under a wide range of in vitro and in vivo conditions, but among them strain NBRC 109052 and RR were the best for in vitro and in vivo conditions, which indicates the growth variation between and within the species [23,27]. Trappe [31], Parladé et al [32] and Marix et al [33] suggested that intraspecific variability of fungi plays an important role on controlling inoculation and exhibits the physiological capacity to form abundant ECM on the desired host. Habitat differences might be reflected on the in vitro growth conditions; also in the colonization patterns they indicate some degree of specialization or host preference among the strains [32,33].…”

“…Trappe [31], Parladé et al [32] and Marix et al [33] suggested that intraspecific variability of fungi plays an important role on controlling inoculation and exhibits the physiological capacity to form abundant ECM on the desired host. Habitat differences might be reflected on the in vitro growth conditions; also in the colonization patterns they indicate some degree of specialization or host preference among the strains [32,33].…”

Nigerian Mushrooms: Underutilized Non-Wood Forest Resources

“…The potential use of spent substrates in crop farming as soil conditioner and/or mycorrhization practices have also been emphasized by Labarere and Menini (2000) and Wasser (2007). Mycorrhization by spore has been successfully adopted in Congo and South Africa in Pinus agroforestry with Pisolithus tinctorius (Marx et al, 1993). Documented account in forest and/or agroforest management in Nigeria is dearth despite high incidence of mycorrhiza mushrooms (Fig.…”

Mycorrhiza — The State of the Art

“…The failure of early attempts to establish tree crops in sites lacking ectomycorrhizal fungi (Hacskaylo and Vozzo 1971;Mikola 1973) provided evidence that in nature there can be an absolute requirement for mycorrhizal colonisation. Subsequent studies using selected inoculants, amongst which Pisolithus tinctorius is the most widely used (Marx et al 1989), have confirmed that ECM fungi not only enhance growth but also improve survivorship of young trees. It is frequently observed that the more severe the environmental condition, the greater is the requirement for mycorrhizal Table 2.…”

“…Percentage increase in survival and volume growth of pine seedlings after 2 to 4 years with Pisolithus tinctorius ectomycorrhiza over controls with naturally occurring ectomycorrhiza on various adverse sites. (Marx 1975;Marx et al 1989) Increase in seedling (%) colonisation if survival is to be assured (Table 2). In most of these cases the mycorrhizal benefit appears to arise from amelioration of toxicity rather than of nutrient stress though the two effects are difficult to separate.…”