Application of solid waste from anaerobic digestion of poultry litter in Agrocybe aegerita cultivation: mushroom production, lignocellulolytic enzymes activity and substrate utilization

Abstract

The degradation and utilization of solid waste (SW) from anaerobic digestion of poultry litter by Agrocybe aegerita was evaluated through mushroom production, loss of organic matter (LOM), lignocellulolytic enzymes activity, lignocellulose degradation and mushroom nutrients content. Among the substrate combinations (SCs) tested, substrates composed of 10-20% SW, 70-80% wheat straw and 10% millet was found to produce the highest mushroom yield (770.5 and 642.9 g per 1.5 kg of substrate). LOM in all SCs tested varied between 8.8 and 48.2%. A. aegerita appears to degrade macromolecule components (0.6-21.8% lignin, 33.1-55.2% cellulose and 14-53.9% hemicellulose) during cultivation on the different SCs. Among the seven extracellular enzymes monitored, laccase, peroxidase and CMCase activities were higher before fruiting; while xylanase showed higher activities after fruiting. A source of carbohydrates (e.g., millet) in the substrate is needed in order to obtain yield and biological efficiency comparable to other commercially cultivated exotic mushrooms.

Composted versus Raw Olive Mill Waste as Substrates for the Production of Medicinal Mushrooms: An Assessment of Selected Cultivation and Quality Parameters

“…Lastly, C : N and cellulose : lignin ratios revealed a positive correlation with mushroom weight for P. eryngii and A. cylindracea strains ( r 2 : 0.83–0.85 and 0.84–0.85, resp.). As regards A. cylindracea especially, cellulose : lignin ratio was positively correlated with mycelium growth rate which is in accordance with earlier observations on other cultivation substrates indicating that this species preferentially consumes cellulose [25, 55]. It is worth mentioning that C : N ratio was not correlated with mycelium growth rates and BEs as it was reported in a previous study [25], and this could be attributed to the fact that although increased TPOMW supplementation results in higher N (and other nutrients) content, at the same time the higher toxicity of this material has adverse effects which progressively eliminate its positive influence.…”

“…Most of the cultivation studies conducted so far on A. cylindracea focused on the use of wheat straw usually supplemented with various nitrogen-rich materials, while alternative substrates were only occasionally evaluated, for example, willow sawdust, poultry litter, cotton waste, and peanut shells [25, 29, 55]. In general, amended wheat straw based media supported high yields either when soybean flour was added (BE: 138–179% within 53–64 days of cropping period corresponding to three production flushes) [29] or when solid waste from anaerobic digestion of poultry litter was used (BE: 106% over a 115-day fruiting cycle corresponding to five flushes) [55].…”

“…In general, amended wheat straw based media supported high yields either when soybean flour was added (BE: 138–179% within 53–64 days of cropping period corresponding to three production flushes) [29] or when solid waste from anaerobic digestion of poultry litter was used (BE: 106% over a 115-day fruiting cycle corresponding to five flushes) [55]. On the other hand, this work evaluated for the first time the potential use of olive mill wastes as substrate for A. cylindracea cultivation; both raw and composted TPOMW (20% and 40%) based media exhibited significantly higher BE than the wheat straw control ranging from 97% to 125% within a cropping period of 26 to 34 days including two production flushes only.…”

Lignocellulolytic enzyme activity, substrate utilization, and mushroom yield by Pleurotus ostreatus cultivated on substrate containing anaerobic digester solids

“…Various authors have tried to establish correlations between lignocellulose degradation and lignocellulolytic enzymes synthesis [14,44], biological efficiency, and lignocellulose degradation [22,46]. However, there is no clear understanding of how different substrates under different cultivation conditions affect lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose degradation vis-à-vis enzyme production in P. ostreatus.…”

Screening of Lignocellulose-Degrading Superior Mushroom Strains and Determination of Their CMCase and Laccase Activity

“…Agricultural residues are rich in lignocellulosic compounds whose disposal and handling are problematic due to their complex structure and decomposition properties [3, 4]. Lignin wraps around cellulose and hemicelluloses fibers, which inhibits the degradation of both, so it is necessary to remove the lignin to facilitate the use of cellulose and hemicelluloses as a source for bioenergy.…”