Application of sky-view factor for the visualisation of historic landscape features in lidar-derived relief models

Kokalj, Žiga; Zakšek, Klemen; Oštir, Krištof

doi:10.1017/s0003598x00067594

Cited by 168 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The PCA components analysis-especially the combination of the first and second principal components, or the RGB composite of the first three components-simplifies the interpretation of the multiple shading data (Figure 10(c)). However it does not provide consistent results with different datasets and is less appropriate than SVF based visualization on those datasets where, e.g., circular (especially concave, i.e., quarries) features are questionable [8].…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 93%

“…If the trend is removed, the method gives similar results as the local relief model technique [47]. The problem of both methods is that although they reveal many features they are less intuitive than SVF and analytical hill-shading because larger landscape features are not presented [8].…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Resolution of 5-50 m is common for countrywide DEMs and finer than 1 m is used for local or regional areas. A DEM is used often in geographic information systems (GIS), as it is a valuable source of relief information and is simple to process; for example, meteorologists determine the relief slope and aspect for the needs of solar irradiation modeling [5], hydrologist determine sinks and river flow paths [6,7], archaeologist map the sites [8], etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sky-View Factor as a Relief Visualization Technique

2011

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Abstract:Remote sensing has become the most important data source for the digital elevation model (DEM) generation. DEM analyses can be applied in various fields and many of them require appropriate DEM visualization support. Analytical hill-shading is the most frequently used relief visualization technique. Although widely accepted, this method has two major drawbacks: identifying details in deep shades and inability to properly represent linear features lying parallel to the light beam. Several authors have tried to overcome these limitations by changing the position of the light source or by filtering. This paper proposes a new relief visualization technique based on diffuse, rather than direct, illumination. It utilizes the sky-view factor-a parameter corresponding to the portion of visible sky limited by relief. Sky-view factor can be used as a general relief visualization technique to show relief characteristics. In particular, we show that this visualization is a very useful tool in archaeology as it improves the recognition of small scale features from high resolution DEMs.

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sky-View Factor as a Relief Visualization Technique

2011

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“…Sky-View Factor (SVF) is an illumination technique based on the calculation of the visible sky from each position [18,19], used in urban areas but also in geomorphological mapping and archaeological remains detection. Positive and Negative Openness (OPPOS and OPNEG) are also illumination techniques based on the degree of openness of the relief at one point, used successfully in geomorphology and archaeology [32,33].…”

Section: Processing Derived Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Highest Gradient Model: A New Method for Analytical Assessment of the Efficiency of LiDAR-Derived Visualization Techniques for Landform Detection and Mapping

et al. 2017

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ALS-derived raster visualization techniques have become common in recent years, opening up new possibilities for subtle landform detection in earth sciences and archaeology, but they have also introduced confusion for users. As a consequence, the choice between these visualization techniques is still mostly supported by empirical knowledge. Some attempts have been made to compare these techniques, but there is still a lack of analytical data. This work proposes a new method, based on gradient modelling and spatial statistics, to analytically assess the efficacy of these visualization techniques. A selected panel of outstanding visualization techniques was assessed first by a classic non-analytical approach, and secondly by the proposed new analytical approach. The comparison of results showed that the latter provided more detailed and objective data, not always consistent with previous empirical knowledge. These data allowed us to characterize with precision the terrain for which each visualization technique performs best. A combination of visualization techniques based on DEM manipulation (Slope and Local Relief Model) appeared to be the best choice for normal terrain morphometry, occasionally supported by illumination techniques such as Sky-View Factor or Negative Openness as a function of terrain characteristics.

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“…Archaeological ALS DTM visualizations are dominated by simple hillshades, local relief models (and variants thereon) (Hesse 2010 ), sky view factor (and variants thereon) (Kokalj et al 2011 ), and elevation ramps. Broadly, hillshades are beneficial in that they highlight low reliefs by simulating raking light from a single direction across the terrain surface.…”

Section: Visualizationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Airborne Laserscanning in Archaeology: Maturing Methods and Democratizing Applications

Opitz¹

2017

Preprint

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Archaeologists have been using airborne laserscanning (ALS) for over a decade in projects ranging from heritage management schemes for postindustrial uplands in the UK or statemanaged forests in Germany to research on cities now obscured by tropical jungle canopy in Central Mexico. The basic methods for the analysis and interpretation of this data have matured considerably and data is increasing available. Building on this increasing accessibility and an established basic methodology, archaeologists are addressing a growing variety of ground conditions and research and heritage management objectives through this technology. With this diversification comes the need to adapt the basic methods used to new landscapes and types of archaeological remains, and to integrate the practice of working with ALS with diverse fieldwork and research practices.

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Application of sky-view factor for the visualisation of historic landscape features in lidar-derived relief models

Cited by 168 publications

References 21 publications

Sky-View Factor as a Relief Visualization Technique

Sky-View Factor as a Relief Visualization Technique

The Highest Gradient Model: A New Method for Analytical Assessment of the Efficiency of LiDAR-Derived Visualization Techniques for Landform Detection and Mapping

Airborne Laserscanning in Archaeology: Maturing Methods and Democratizing Applications

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