Application of Samarium- and Terbium-Sensitized Luminescence via a Multivariate-Based Approach for the Determination of Orbifloxacin

Abstract

A lanthanide-based optical sensor has been developed for the sensitive and reliable spectrofluorometric determination of the fluoroquinolone antibiotic orbifloxacin (ORLX). Reaction of ORLX and two lanthanide metal ions, Sm(III) and Tb(III), in aqueous buffered solution produced highly fluorescent complexes. Plackett–Burman design (PBD) was used to explore the impact of four factors, pH, temperature (Temp), contact time (CT), and metal volume (MV), on the fluorescence intensity (FI) of the produced complexes. The obtained data showed that pH was the most significant variable. A blend of pH = 5.0, MV = 2.0 mL, T = 25°C, and CT = 10 min was used to achieve the maximum FI. FT-IR and Raman analyses were performed for the crystals of the as-prepared complexes. Obtained data showed shifting in most of the absorption bands, confirming the complexation of ORLX with both metal ions. Job’s method showed that the stoichiometry for the reaction of ORLX with Sm(III) and Tb(III) was 1 : 1. The proposed method was validated following the ICH guidelines. Injection formulation was analyzed successfully with the developed method with high recovery (99.42–100.91%). The detection and quantification limits were 0.987 and 3.289 ng/mL for the ORLX-Sm(III) complex and 1.020 and 3.399 ng/mL for the ORLX-Tb(III) complex, respectively.

Performance of Pristine versus Magnetized Orange Peels Biochar Adapted to Adsorptive Removal of Daunorubicin: Eco-Structuring, Kinetics and Equilibrium Studies

“…Application of both sorbents in treating contaminated samples will be controlled by implementing a multivariate-based stratagem. In this itinerary, and in alignment with the greenness preservation, Plackett-Burman design (PBD) will be executed as the screening design, followed by an optimization phase using the desirability function [18,[37][38][39]. The target is to get the utmost response with the lowest possible usage of resources and hence generation of waste.…”

Application of Plackett–Burman Design for Spectrochemical Determination of the Last-Resort Antibiotic, Tigecycline, in Pure Form and in Pharmaceuticals: Investigation of Thermodynamics and Kinetics

“…sign (PBD) is a two-level fraction factorial screening design that is used when only the main variables are concerned [23][24][25][26].…”

“…In other words, [Do] must be 5-10 times higher than [Ao]. The thermodynamic parameters were obtained by studying the reaction at four different temperatures (25,40,55, and 70 °C). Plots of [𝐴 ] 𝐴 ⁄ versus 1 [𝐷 ] ⁄ were sketched, as shown in Figure 6.…”

“…Therefore, the conclusions can be considered highly irrevocable. It is noteworthy to mention that the Plackett–Burman design (PBD) is a two-level fraction factorial screening design that is used when only the main variables are concerned [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ].…”