Application of remotely sensed sea surface temperature for assessment of recurrent coral bleaching (2014–2019) impact on a marginal coral ecosystem

De, Kalyan; Nanajкar, Mandar; Arora, Mamta; Nithyanandan, Manickam; Mote, Sambhaji; Ingole, Baban

doi:10.1080/10106049.2021.1886345

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…Gulf of Kachchh region recorded ~4% and ~ 10% bleaching during 2016 and 2019 temperature peaks. During field survey at Malvan region in 2014, the bleaching prevalence was observed 14.58%; in the year 2015, the bleaching prevalence was observed 54.20%; in 2016, the bleaching prevalence was observed 46.76%; in 2017, the bleaching prevalence was observed 20.22%; in 2018, the bleaching prevalence was observed 5.07%, and in 2019, the bleaching prevalence was observed 8.37% (Figure 6) [25,30]. The effects of increasing thermal stress on corals were correlated with field observations data.…”

Section: Malvan Regionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…On the other hand, the Malvan Marine Sanctuary, a Marine Protected Area (MPA), is located in the Central West coast of India along the Eastern Arabian Sea, spreads over a 29.122 km 2 area. The marine wildlife sanctuary harbor near shore patch coral reefs mostly dominated by massive and encrusting Porites species and foliose Turbinaria mesenterina; other species includes Porites lichen, Porites lutea, Porites compressa, Pseudosiderastrea tayami, Siderastrea savignyana, Coscinaraea monile, Favites melicerum, Favites halicora, Cyphastrea serailia, Plesiastrea versipora, Goniopora sp., Tubastraea coccinea [25,30]. Corals in the Gulf of Kachchh and Malvan regions are surviving through extreme environmental conditions such as high temperature, high solar radiation, turbidity, salinity changes, and high suspended sediment loads [28,31].…”

Section: Study Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As increase in the frequency and severity of MCB could overwhelm the ability of coral reefs to recover between events. Consecutive mass coral bleaching episodes and associated coral mortalities could shift coral reefs from coral dominated state to Cyanobacteria and algae dominated state [25,26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Climate Change Induced Thermal Stress Caused Recurrent Coral Bleaching over Gulf of Kachchh and Malvan Marine Sanctuary, West Coast of India

Arora¹,

De²,

Chaudhury³

et al. 2022

Climate Change in Asia and Africa - Examining the Biophysical and Social Consequences, and Society's Responses

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Coral reefs are one of the most sensitive, productive, and invaluable biological resources on the earth. However, coral reefs are facing unprecedented stress due to ongoing climate changes and intensified anthropogenic disturbances globally. Elevated Sea Surface Temperature (SST) has emerged as the most imminent threat to the thermos-sensitive reef-building corals. The 2010–2014-2016 El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) caused prolonged marine heat waves (MHWs) that led to the most widespread coral bleaching and mortality in the tropical Indi-Pacific regions. Coral bleaching prediction is vital for the management of the reef biodiversity, ecosystem functioning, and services. Recent decades, satellite remote sensing has emerged as a convenient tool for large-scale coral reef monitoring programs. As thermal stress is a critical physical attribute for coral bleaching hence, the present study examines the effectiveness of the elevated SSTs as a proxy to predict coral bleaching in shallow water marginal reefs. Advanced Very High-Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data from the NOAA Coral Reef Watch’s (CRW) platform has been used for this study. Coral bleaching indices like Bleaching Threshold (BT), Positive SST Anomaly (PA), and Degree Heating Weeks (DHW) are computed to analyze the thermal stress on the coral reefs. The computed thermal stress from satellite-derived SST data over regions concurrence with the mass coral bleaching (MCB) events. This study concludes that in the last decades (2010 to 2019) the coral cover around these regions has dramatically declined due to higher SST, which indicates that the thermal stress induced recurrent bleaching events attributed to the coral loss.

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Section: Malvan Regionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Study Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Climate Change Induced Thermal Stress Caused Recurrent Coral Bleaching over Gulf of Kachchh and Malvan Marine Sanctuary, West Coast of India

Arora¹,

De²,

Chaudhury³

et al. 2022

Climate Change in Asia and Africa - Examining the Biophysical and Social Consequences, and Society's Responses

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“…In the literature, Degree Heating Weeks (DHW) is often used for assessing heat stress on coral. The NOAA Coral Reef Watch DHW product is widely used (Eakin et al, 2010;Baumann et al, 2019;De et al, 2021a;Johnson et al, 2022), but some studies have utilized Aqua MODIS SST to calculate DHW as well (Wouthuyzen et al, 2018;Williamson et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A GEE toolkit for water quality monitoring from 2002 to 2022 in support of SDG 14 and coral health in marine protected areas in Belize

Callejas

Osborn

Lee

et al. 2022

Front. Remote Sens.

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Coral reefs are highly diverse ecosystems that provide many goods and ecosystem services globally. Coral reef ecosystems are also threatened by environmental stressors from anthropogenic sources and shifting climates. The United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 14 (“Life Below Water”) addresses the need to conserve and sustainably use the ocean, seas, and marine ecosystems, including reef systems. Belize’s coral reef system is the second largest in the world, providing sources of income to Belizeans through tourism and fisheries as well as coastline protection. In order to conserve their marine ecosystems, Belize has a network of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) throughout their coastal waters. Using Aqua MODIS satellite imagery from 2002 to 2022, Google Earth Engine, and RStudio, we present a workflow to calculate stress days on MPAs and a coral vulnerability index based on sea surface temperature (SST) and Kd (490), a proxy of water clarity. The Corozal Bay, Swallow Caye, Port Honduras, and South Water Caye MPAs had the highest percentages of stress days and coral vulnerability stress index score based on these two parameters among the 24 MPAs analyzed. Additionally, SST in the warmest month of the year in Belize were seen to increase across all MPAs from 2002 to 2022 (p < 0.01). This GEE toolkit provides a straightforward and accessible tool to help governments monitor both water quality and risks to coral reefs in accordance with SDG 14.

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“…Therefore, the present study employed a deep sequencing approach to elucidate the Symbiodiniaceae diversity associated with the coral Turbinaria mesenterina and the bioeroding sponge Cliona thomasi, both competing in a marginal coral reef environment on the west coast of India. Shallow water nearshore coral reefs in this region are subjected to a broad range of chronic and acute stressors, which are considered suboptimal for coral reef development, including thermal stress-driven recurrent coral bleaching episodes (De et al, 2015(De et al, , 2021Hussain et al, 2016), coral diseases (Hussain et al, 2016), monsoonal freshwater influx, and anthropogenic perturbations like, siltation, turbidity, nutrient input, fishing, and intensive tourism-mediated damage (De et al, 2020). C. thomasi investigated herein is a newly discovered ecologically important sponge species, abundant in the Indian Ocean coral reefs (Mote et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Symbiodiniaceae Association With Coral and Coral-Eroding Sponge in a Bleaching Impacted Marginal Coral Reef Environment

Mote

Gupta

et al. 2021

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Marginal reefs are known for severe stress-inducible perturbations such as high sedimentation, eutrophication, ocean warming, and acidification from anthropogenic climate change. The corals striving in such stressful environments develop physiological adaptations induced by differential genomic expressions or association with thermal stress-tolerant algal symbionts (Symbiodiniaceae). Despite such adaptations, corals are threatened by other space competitors such as algae and sponges. Coral-eroding sponges belonging to the Cliona viridis complex are one such space competitors that also associate with Symbiodiniaceae algal photosymbiont. The diversity of Symbiodiniaceae associates with the coral and sponge from the same ecosystems is scarcely known. In the present study, Symbiodiniaceae community structure in the coral Turbinaria mesenterina, a newly described coral-eroding sponge Cliona thomasi, and their surrounding seawater was determined from the nearshore marginal reef along the central west coast of India. The results revealed a significantly higher relative abundance of Durusdinium and Gerakladium than Symbiodinium and Cladocopium in the seawater. Interestingly, both investigated host species showed differential Symbiodiniaceae association with significantly higher abundance of Durusdinium in coral and Gerakladium in sponge. The beta diversity analysis by Permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) confirmed significant differences in Symbiodiniaceae profiles between sponge and coral. Durusdinium and Gerakladium are thermotolerant genera known to associate with different hosts in suboptimal conditions. Our field surveys suggested the bleaching resistance of the coral T. mesenterina despite the fact that the sea surface temperature reached the coral thermal threshold of 31°C during different periods of the years 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, and 2019. Therefore, the thermal tolerance of the investigated coral and sponge species may be attributed to their respective thermotolerant photosymbiont associations. Furthermore, the results also indicated the host-specific photosymbiont selection from the local environment. Although these observations provide valuable biological insight, more research is needed to understand the tripartite association of sponge-coral-symbiont together to evaluate the competitive fitness of holobionts.

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Application of remotely sensed sea surface temperature for assessment of recurrent coral bleaching (2014–2019) impact on a marginal coral ecosystem

Cited by 18 publications

References 89 publications

Climate Change Induced Thermal Stress Caused Recurrent Coral Bleaching over Gulf of Kachchh and Malvan Marine Sanctuary, West Coast of India

Climate Change Induced Thermal Stress Caused Recurrent Coral Bleaching over Gulf of Kachchh and Malvan Marine Sanctuary, West Coast of India

A GEE toolkit for water quality monitoring from 2002 to 2022 in support of SDG 14 and coral health in marine protected areas in Belize

Differential Symbiodiniaceae Association With Coral and Coral-Eroding Sponge in a Bleaching Impacted Marginal Coral Reef Environment

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