Differential Symbiodiniaceae Association With Coral and Coral-Eroding Sponge in a Bleaching Impacted Marginal Coral Reef Environment

Mote, Sambhaji; Gupta, Vishal; De, Kalyan; Hussain, Afreen; More, Kuldeep D.; Nanajкar, Mandar; Ingole, Baban

doi:10.3389/fmars.2021.666825

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…Surprisingly, background levels of algal symbionts from the genus Gerakladium were also identified in two samples. In general, this genus is not known to associate with scleractinian corals, but rather with excavating sponge species (Mote et al, 2021). It is possible that excavating sponge species were colonizing the M. cavernosa skeleton and perhaps small amounts may have been unintentionally collected in addition to the coral tissue.…”

Section: Cladocopium-dominated Symbiodiniaceae Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depth-Dependent Genetic Structuring of a Depth-Generalist Coral and Its Symbiodiniaceae Algal Communities at Campeche Bank, Mexico

et al. 2022

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Depth-generalist coral holobionts inhabit shallow (0–30 m) and mesophotic (30–150 m) reef zones but may exhibit genetic specialization as a result of adaptations to environmental shifts and/or due to a lack of dispersal across depth. The level of depth-dependent genetic structuring varies across reef locations which may impact the roles mesophotic populations play in the persistence and recovery of metapopulations. A depth-generalist coral species, Montastraea cavernosa, was sampled across a shallow to mesophotic gradient at 10, 15, 25, and 35 m at Alacranes and Bajos del Norte reefs on Campeche Bank, Mexico. Both 2bRAD and ITS2 sequencing were used to quantify genetic differentiation of the coral hosts and community structure of their algal endosymbionts (Family Symbiodiniaceae) across depth zones and between these reefs. Significant levels of M. cavernosa genetic differentiation were identified across depth at both reefs, especially between the shallow (10, 15, and 25 m) and mesophotic (35 m) zones. While Symbiodiniaceae hosted by these corals were predominantly Cladocopium species, both depth and reef location were significant factors driving ITS2 type profiles found within each population. The magnitude of depth-dependent genetic structuring of both the coral and Symbiodiniaceae was much greater at Alacranes, relative to Bajos del Norte, suggesting that the refugia potential of mesophotic communities at Alacranes is limited. However, relatively high levels of horizontal coral connectivity between the two reefs, and Bajos del Norte’s location at the entrance to the Gulf of Mexico suggests that it may play an important role in the maintenance of the coral’s regional metapopulation and should be considered in future assessments of this species’ connectivity dynamics and management.

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Section: Cladocopium-dominated Symbiodiniaceae Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depth-Dependent Genetic Structuring of a Depth-Generalist Coral and Its Symbiodiniaceae Algal Communities at Campeche Bank, Mexico

et al. 2022

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“…However, selectivity is not related to symbiont abundance in the environmental pool (Quigley et al, 2017 ). A study in the Central West Coast of India, which experienced multiple years of bleaching temperatures, found that despite the symbiont population in the surrounding water containing high abundances of both Durusdinium and Gerakladium , corals had higher relative abundances of Durusdinium (Mote et al, 2021 ). Despite symbiont assemblages in corals being dominated by Durusdinium , Gerakladium was also present in higher abundances (10.2 ± 11.7%) than typically found as a background symbiont (Mote et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A study in the Central West Coast of India, which experienced multiple years of bleaching temperatures, found that despite the symbiont population in the surrounding water containing high abundances of both Durusdinium and Gerakladium , corals had higher relative abundances of Durusdinium (Mote et al, 2021 ). Despite symbiont assemblages in corals being dominated by Durusdinium , Gerakladium was also present in higher abundances (10.2 ± 11.7%) than typically found as a background symbiont (Mote et al, 2021 ). The growing number of observations of Gerakladium as a background coral symbiont in a variety of coral species could be a result of increased sampling and molecular methods, or due to an increase in the frequency Gerakladium is taken up by corals that might relate to environmental change or stress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature‐mediated acquisition of rare heterologous symbionts promotes survival of coral larvae under ocean warming

Matsuda

Chakravarti

Cunning

et al. 2022

Global Change Biology

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Reef‐building corals form nutritional symbioses with endosymbiotic dinoflagellates (Symbiodiniaceae), a relationship that facilitates the ecological success of coral reefs. These symbionts are mostly acquired anew each generation from the environment during early life stages (“horizontal transmission”). Symbiodiniaceae species exhibit trait variation that directly impacts the health and performance of the coral host under ocean warming. Here, we test the capacity for larvae of a horizontally transmitting coral, Acropora tenuis, to establish symbioses with Symbiodiniaceae species in four genera that have varying thermal thresholds (the common symbiont genera, Cladocopium and Durusdinium, and the less common Fugacium and Gerakladium). Over a 2‐week period in January 2018, a series of both no‐choice and four‐way choice experiments were conducted at three temperatures (27, 30, and 31°C). Symbiont acquisition success and cell proliferation were measured in individual larvae. Larvae successfully acquired and maintained symbionts of all four genera in no‐choice experiments, and >80% of larvae were infected with at least three genera when offered a four‐way choice. Unexpectedly, Gerakladium symbionts increased in dominance over time, and at high temperatures outcompeted Durusdinium, which is regarded as thermally tolerant. Although Fugacium displayed the highest thermal tolerance in culture and reached similar cell densities to the other three symbionts at 31°C, it remained a background symbiont in choice experiments, suggesting host preference for other symbiont species. Larval survivorship at 1 week was highest in larvae associated with Gerakladium and Fugacium symbionts at 27 and 30°C, however at 31°C, mortality was similar for all treatments. We hypothesize that symbionts that are currently rare in corals (e.g., Gerakladium) may become more common and widespread in early life stages under climate warming. Uptake of such symbionts may function as a survival strategy in the wild, and has implications for reef restoration practices that use sexually produced coral stock.

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“…In many instances, some corals tolerate or recover better from bleaching than others in every geographical region including India (Kumaraguru, 2003; Manikandan et al, 2014; Pisapia and Burn, 2016; Thinesh et al, 2019a, De et al 2022, 2023). In India, studies are at a nascent state to identify the factors (symbiont types) responsible for differential bleaching patterns (for example Thinesh et al, 2019; Mote et al, 2021). Generally, massive taxa such as Porites spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Warmest months, thermal thresholds, and bleaching thresholds of Indian coral reefs regions by using NOAA OISST data from 1982 to 2018 based onArora et al 2019;and De et al 2021 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

History of recurrent short and long-term coral bleaching events in Indian coral reefs: a systematic review of contrasting bleaching patterns, lessons learned, and future directions

Thangadurai,

De,

Murugesan

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Climate change has intensified coral bleaching events, leading to widespread coral mortality and threatening the coral reef survival worldwide. However, species susceptibility patterns to bleaching differ spatially and temporally, making it crucial to understand bleaching impact and species susceptibility patterns across latitudinal ranges, particularly from understudied locations. We critically reviewed 23 years of bleaching episodes on Indian coral reefs (four major reefs and other patch reefs) reported from 1998 to 2020 to understand the geographical footprint of bleaching patterns, species susceptibility differences, and their impact. We found that all four major Indian reef systems (Gulf of Kachchh, Gulf of Mannar, Lakshadweep, and the Andaman Islands) have experienced three major bleaching episodes (1998, 2010, and 2016) and multiple short-term bleaching events. Short-term bleaching events (DHWs> four weeks) created differences in species susceptibility, but the disparity among species diminished to long-term bleaching events (DHWs <4 weeks) in all reef sites. Acropora, Porites, Pocillopora, Montipora, and Turninaria in the Gulf of Mannar, Porites, and Favia in the Gulf of Kachchh, and Acropora in the Andaman and Lakshadweep were the most vulnerable genera during all the bleaching events. In terms of recovery, Porites and other massive forms recovered better than branching forms. Furthermore, species susceptibility pattern analysis (winners vs. losers) to 2016 long-term bleaching events found conflicting results from studies (one-time surveys) in the same area. This result indicates that a one-time survey (survey timing) influences results as bleaching events lengthen, necessitating repeated surveys to determine winners and losers. Although inconsistent data from different study sites makes it difficult to create predictive models, data collected over the past 23 years provides critical insight into coral community susceptibility patterns and bleaching impacts, underscoring the need for systematic, uniform surveys in the future. Keywords: Coral bleaching, Indian Ocean, Contrasting bleaching pattern, Gulf of Mannar, Andaman, Gulf of Kachchh.

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Differential Symbiodiniaceae Association With Coral and Coral-Eroding Sponge in a Bleaching Impacted Marginal Coral Reef Environment

Cited by 6 publications

References 102 publications

Depth-Dependent Genetic Structuring of a Depth-Generalist Coral and Its Symbiodiniaceae Algal Communities at Campeche Bank, Mexico

Depth-Dependent Genetic Structuring of a Depth-Generalist Coral and Its Symbiodiniaceae Algal Communities at Campeche Bank, Mexico

Temperature‐mediated acquisition of rare heterologous symbionts promotes survival of coral larvae under ocean warming

History of recurrent short and long-term coral bleaching events in Indian coral reefs: a systematic review of contrasting bleaching patterns, lessons learned, and future directions

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