“…However, the available in vitro and animal data indicated that the levels at which HIV patients were exposed to EMS (maximal dose of 0.055 mg/kg/d) did not induce any risk; nevertheless, any further level was of significant concern to their safety (Elder and Snodin, 2009). Since 2007 other drugs have been reported for contamination by sulfonate impurities, such as alkyl benzene sulfonates in amlodipine besylate , dimethyl sulfate (DMS) in pazopanib hydrochloride (Liu et al, 2009), EMS and methyl methane sulfonate (MMS) in imatinib mesylate , EMS in zugrastat (Schülé et al, 2010), alkyl sulfonates in flouroaryl-amine (Cimarosti et al, 2010), and ethyl besylate in UK-369,003-26, a novel PDE5 inhibitor (Hajikarimian et al, 2010). EMS is a well-established genotoxic agent in this group which reacts with DNA producing alkylated (specifically ethylated) nucleotides.…”