Application of Partial Least Squares‐Kernel Calibration in Competitive Adsorption Studies Using an Effective Chemically Activated Biochar

Abstract

In this work, chemically activated pine wood was used to prepare biochar, which was used to study the competitive adsorption behavior of four colorants (allura red (AR), brilliant black (BB), tartrazine (TT), and sunset yellow (SY)). Dye concentrations in mixed solutions were simultaneously estimated by using partial least squares Kernel calibration. The analytical recovery of food dyes was 96.7–103.4% and prediction error was 1.4–9.4%. Adsorption isotherms of dyes (at pH 2 and 25°C) from multi‐solute solutions were measured and the maximum adsorption capacities (according to the Jovanovich's model) were 68.4, 40.0, 29.6, and 23.4 mg/g for SY, AR, TT, and BB, respectively. The biochar had a combined retention capacity of 186.9 mg/g for dyes. The effects of dosage of adsorbent, pH and number of competing solutes on %Removal‐retention capacity were studied. The extent of competition between dyes toward the surface was assessed from the magnitudes of competition factors. The competition factors were 0.69, 0.70, 0.75, and 0.76 for AR, TT, BB, and SY, respectively. During adsorption of mixtures from solution, SY manifested stable performance while allura red negatively competed with the rest of the dyes. Partial least squares Kernel calibration was usefully applied for studying competitive adsorption behavior of four food‐dyes with minimum experimental setup.

Comprehensive study of simultaneous adsorption of basic red 2 and basic violet 3 by an agro-industrial waste: dynamics, kinetics and modeling

“…As a matter of fact, the modified Langmuir model accounts for the influence of other competing solutes by means of the interaction factor (η). Similar previous results were explained by the fact that one adsorption site cannot be simultane-ously occupied by two solutes, and competitive sorption between pollutants occur when they coexisted in wastewaters [29,51,62]. As for BV3, the P -factor model could match best the equilibrium adsorption data.…”

“…A similar trend was reported by Issa et al [29] when they investigated the kinetic biosorption of Allura Red (AR) and Sunset Yellow (SY) by activated pine wood. Authors reported that SY (CF = 0.76) dye manifested stable performance while AR (CF = 0.69) negatively competed with the other dye molecules.…”

“…where q single is the retention capacity in a singlesolute system while q mix is that capacity in the binary-solute system. This is an important parameter allowing to reveal the most affected component in the simultaneous adsorption system [28][29][30]:…”

A Sustainable and Cost‐Effective Bioadsorbent for the Removal of Allura Red from Contaminated Water

“…Agricultural waste has been used to very less extent for this purpose. The only reported wastes (to the best of our knowledge) as adsorbents either directly or after pyrolysis for removing AR are pinewood, arabica coffee residues, coconut shell, corncob, guargum, peanut hull waste, sawdust, pecan nut shells, luffa cylindrica and bael patra [42–51] …”

Determination of the colorants in a beverage sample by chemometrıc methods using an ultraviolet spectrophotometer

“…Bu tür numunelerin ayrı ayrı numunelerde analizi için farklı enstrümental tekniklerin kullanıldığı çalışmalarda mevcuttur. βkaroten, spektrofotomerik [8] olarak; sunset yellow, spektrofotometrik olarak [9,10,11], elektrokimyasal olarak [12,13], kolorimetrik olarak [14], yüksek performans sıvı kromatografisi ile [15], floresans yöntemi [16], raman spektroskopisi [17], viskozite [18] ve adsorpsiyon tekniği [19] ile incelenmişlerdir. Literatür incelendiğinde sunset yellow ve β-karotenin birlikte eş zamanlı tayinine rastlanmamıştır.…”