Application of paper sludge and clay in manufacture of composite materials: Properties and biological susceptibility

Kizinievič, Olga; Kizinievič, Viktor; Trambitski, Yahor; Voišnienė, Violeta

doi:10.1016/j.jobe.2022.104003

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Notably, the contact angle values presented for DPS and wood fibers closely match findings from previous literature. For example, Kizinievic et al 22 reported an initial contact angle of 123 for paper sludge, similar to the 121.1 observed in this study. Even after a long duration, the sludge retained a contact angle of 92 , analogous to the 93.2 contact angle after 20 seconds in this work.…”

Section: Chemical and Thermal Characterizationssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…These findings highlight the structural differences between DPS and wood fibers, which have implications for their chemical and mechanical properties. Kizinievic et al 22 conducted an XRD analysis of DPS and observed less pronounced and broader cellulose peaks than wood fibers, indicating lower crystallinity and smaller crystals. The CrI of DPS was determined to be 54%, whereas it was 68% for wood fibers.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…23 In contrast, wood fibers are predominantly composed of cellulose, which has an abundance of hydroxyl groups that readily participate in hydrogen bonding interactions with water, allowing rapid spreading and wicking. 22 Second, DPS possesses a more compact, less porous structure than the highly porous, voided morphology of wood fibers. The limited surface area and porosity restricts penetration of the water droplet into the bulk of the sludge sample.…”

Section: Chemical and Thermal Characterizationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Utilizing de‐inked paper sludge for sustainable production of medium‐density fiberboard: A comprehensive study

Ashori,

Mahmoudi Najafi,

Heydari

et al. 2024

Polymer Composites

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This study investigated converting abundant paper mill waste, de‐inked paper sludge (DPS), into value‐added medium‐density fiberboard (MDF) panels. The objective was to repurpose this solid waste into a valuable material that aligns with the principles of a circular economy. Previous research has examined the addition of paper sludge to wood composites, but there is limited information on the specific incorporation of DPS into MDF production. This investigation offers new insights into this application. MDF panels were manufactured using hardwood fibers, with varying levels of urea‐formaldehyde resin (10% and 12% by weight) and different loadings of DPS (ranging from 0% to 50% by weight). X‐ray diffraction analysis revealed the presence of defective DPS fiber crystals. Contact angle measurements confirmed that DPS had poor wettability, corresponding to increased water absorption. As more DPS was incorporated, the mechanical properties of the panels progressively weakened due to defective fibers and poor adhesion between the fibers and the matrix. This was evident in scanning electron microscopy micrographs, which showed an escalation in interfacial flaws. Increasing the resin dosage noticeably improved the internal bond strength and reduced moisture uptake across all levels of DPS. However, at a DPS loading of 50%, the properties of the panels deteriorated by 36%–57% compared to the control MDF. Additionally, thickness swelling and water absorption increased significantly with higher DPS content, primarily due to the hydrophilic nature of the fibers. Based on optimization, it was determined that a DPS loading of 20% with a resin content of 12% provided the best balance between performance, waste utilization, cost, and moisture resistance. The reuse of abundant paper sludge supports the goals of a circular economy. However, strategies are required to tailor the processing methods and enable higher levels of recycled material without excessively compromising the key attributes of the product. Further research should focus on enhancing the quality of DPS and its compatibility with wood fibers and resin to enhance the performance of the composite material.Highlights DPS from recycled paper mill assessed for MDF production with wood fibers and resin Increasing DPS loading caused reductions in strength and adhesion of panels Water absorption and thickness swelling markedly rose with more DPS addition It was attributed to hydrophilic fibers and disrupted fiber‐matrix bonding Optimal formulation was 20% DPS loading and 12% resin content, balancing performance, waste utilization, and cost.

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Section: Chemical and Thermal Characterizationssupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chemical and Thermal Characterizationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Utilizing de‐inked paper sludge for sustainable production of medium‐density fiberboard: A comprehensive study

Ashori,

Mahmoudi Najafi,

Heydari

et al. 2024

Polymer Composites

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…After use, they can be easily removed from the treated solution. The used sorbent can be used analogously to paper sludge, for example as an additive/filler for building materials [ 36 ]. It was shown that, due to the calcium compounds used, the targeted material may be supplemented with hazardous mineral waste containing fluorine, e.g., in form of post-crystallization lye formed in the processing of fluosilicic acid or phosphogypsum.…”

Section: A New Concept(s) For the Production And Management Of Fluori...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, research and development is needed for the wide production and utilization of construction materials from various nonhazardous or hazardous waste materials [ 36 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of Solid Waste Containing Fluoride—A Review

2022

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Technological and economic development have influenced the amount of post-production waste. Post-industrial waste, generated in the most considerable amount, includes, among others, waste related to the mining, metallurgical, and energy industries. Various non-hazardous or hazardous wastes can be used to produce new construction materials after the “solidification/stabilization” processes. They can be used as admixtures or raw materials. However, the production of construction materials from various non-hazardous or hazardous waste materials is still very limited. In our opinion, special attention should be paid to waste containing fluoride, and the reuse of solid waste containing fluoride is a high priority today. Fluoride is one of the few trace elements that has received much attention due to its harmful effects on the environment and human and animal health. In addition to natural sources, industry, which discharges wastewater containing F− ions into surface waters, also increases fluoride concentration in waters and pollutes the environment. Therefore, developing effective and robust technologies to remove fluoride excess from the aquatic environment is becoming extremely important. This review aims to cover a wide variety of procedures that have been used to remove fluoride from drinking water and industrial wastewater. In addition, the ability to absorb fluoride, among others, by industrial by-products, agricultural waste, and biomass materials were reviewed.

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