Application of paleostress analysis for the identification of potential instability precursors within the Benue Trough Nigeria

Igwe, Ogbonnaya; Okonkwo, Ikenna Anthony

doi:10.1186/s40677-016-0051-z

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Four mandatory parameters for the computation of reduced stress tensors are; ϭ1 (maximum principal stress), ϭ2 (intermediate stress axis), ϭ3 (minimum stress axis), stress ratio R = ( ϭ2-ϭ3) / (ϭ1-ϭ3). The other two parameters are principal stress magnitudes (ϭ1/ϭ3) and isotropic component which couldnot be calculated from the fault data (Igwe and Okonkwo, 2016;Angelier, 1994 Delvaux et al, 1997). Stress index R' determines the type of stress environment and ranges from 0.0 -3.0.…”

Section: Theory and Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Paleo-stress fields in the Earth crust can be inferred from numerous types of stress precursors like earthquakes, land sliding, and faulting/fracturing (Delvaux and Seperner, 2003). Brittle structures (faults/fractures) are the consequences of the tectonic forces which are handy to reconstruct the orientations of the stresses that were active in the past (Igwe and Okonkwo, 2016;Kaven et al, 2011). When sedimentary rock layers are subjected to stress either compressional or extensional it has a direct relationship with cracked planes and stress orientations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Paleostress and outcrop fracture analysis along Himalayan Foothills (Eastern Salt Range), Potwar Plateau, NW Himalaya, Pakistan

Mehmood¹

2021

Acta Geodynamica Et Geomaterialia

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The Salt Range (SR) is an ENE-WSW trending fault bend fold that form the range front of the Himalayan fold and thrust belt in Pakistan. The research is carried out in the Eastern Salt Range (ESR) with the objective to determine the paleostress inversion from reduced stress tensors by using fracture data. The surface morphology of the fold is predominantly shaped by Eocene limestone that provide best exposure of joint surfaces that can be used for kinematic and dynamic analysis. We adopted a classical circle inventory method in the field and collected orientation data (dip amount, direction, and strike) from 7 localities (outcrop stations) of the Eocene Sakesar Limestone. Three prominent fracture trends are present in the study area namely, FS-1; (E-W), FS-2; (ENE-WSW) and FS-3; (NNE-SSW). For stress analysis and data processing we used the Tensor Program of Delvaux and Sperner (2003) and calculated seven stress fields by the Right Dihedron Method. The orientations of the principal stress axes (ϭ1, ϭ2, ϭ3) and Stress Ratio (R) depicts ϭ1(Shmax) and ϭ2 are sub-horizontal while ϭ3 is vertical in all stress tensors. The paleostress results show that ϭ1(Shmax) oriented NNE-SSW belonging to a compressive regime. It is suggested that ϭ1 developed more or less perpendicular to the trend of SRT and other relevant structures in the Potwar Plateau.

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Section: Theory and Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleostress and outcrop fracture analysis along Himalayan Foothills (Eastern Salt Range), Potwar Plateau, NW Himalaya, Pakistan

Mehmood¹

2021

Acta Geodynamica Et Geomaterialia

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“…Furthermore, paleostress reconstruction is an important method to study the tectonic evolution of a region (Jamison, 1992;Van der Pluijm et al, 1997). Paleostress field analysis is helpful to explain fault reactivation (Gartrell and Lisk, 2005;Kulikowski and Amrouch, 2018), the timing and patterns of fault leakage (Du Rouchet, 1981;Gartrell and Lisk, 2005;Henk, 2005), and to identify potential instability precursors (Igwe and Okonkwo, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Seismic Data and Slip Tendency to Estimate Paleostress: A Case Study From Xicaogu Area of Bohai Bay Basin, China

Ping

Liu

et al. 2022

Front. Earth Sci.

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Paleostress plays an important role in controlling the formation and distribution of reservoir fractures, which is a key factor controlling the production of oil and gas from unconventional reservoirs. At present, there are many methods to perform paleostress inversion, but these methods are mainly based on outcrop or directional core data, which are not easily available in the oil and gas industry, which mainly focuses on the study of underground geological structures. In this study, we use 3D seismic reflection data for the first time to perform slip-tendency-based stress inversion to determine the stress field of the Xicaogu area in the Bohai Bay Basin during the Neogene period. This slip-tendency-based stress inversion method is based on the analysis of slip tendency and fault throw and does not require the measurement of slip directions. The data for this method can easily be extracted from data sets routinely used in the oil and gas industry. The inversion results show that in the study area and the strata of interest, the maximum principal stress axis (σ1) is oriented vertically, the intermediate principal stress axis (σ2) is oriented N70o, the minimum principal stress (σ3) is oriented N160o, and σ2/σ1 = 0.69 and σ3/σ1 = 0.27. The results of this study serve as an important reference to clarify fault reactivation at the critical stage of hydrocarbon accumulation.

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“…When the fault cannot be observed by paleostress analysis, joints have been used instead [12]. Joints as paleostress markers provide the record of stress orientation at the time of propagation and are often extensional in nature [13,14].…”

Section: -Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Joints as paleostress markers provide the record of stress orientation at the time of propagation and are often extensional in nature [13,14]. Joints can be used separately or collectively with other structures, including contractional fractures such as stylolites, to constrain the stress field that led to their formation [12]. The assumption is that the fractures formed in the same homogenous stress field, i.e.…”

Section: -Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleostress Analysis of the Northeastern Limb of Pulkhana Anticline /NE Iraq: Implications for Arabian Plate Tectonic Evolution

Othman

Jadda²

2020

eijs

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Pulkhana anticline is located in Tuzhurmatu area, about 50 km SE of Kirkuk city. The study area forms a part of the Zagros Folded Zone which is situated in the unstable shelf of Iraq within the physiographic zone called Foothill Zone (in the middle of Hemrin- Makhul subzone). The north eastern limb of the anticline reaches to 50ᵒ and the dip of the south western limb reaches to 70ᵒ. The core of the structure comprises the rocks of Fat’ha Formation surrounded by rocks of Injana and Mukdadiya Formations, whereas Bai-Hasan Formation forms the slopes of the low hills surrounding the anticline. These Formations range in age from Middle Miocene to Pliocene. More than 761 readings of joint planes were collected from 20 stations within 5 traverses in the study area. The study of joint sets and system was within Injana and Mukhdadiya formations, along traverses with 3-5 stations for each travers track. The results showed the presence of two sets of tension joints (bc, ac) and five sets of shear joints, through defining the maximum stress axis (σ1) and acute angle dividers for these conjugate joints. It was determined that two directions of Paleostress are present in the area, which are NE-SW and NW-SE. The direction of the first major stress (NE-SW) is orthogonal with, or normal to, the fold axis in the study area, which can be considered as a horizontal component which resulted from oblique collision of Arabian and Eurasian Plates. This old compressive stress is the reason behind the formation of the tension joint (ac) and shear joints, where the sets (ac) and system are perpendicular-semi perpendicular to the bedding plane, as they were formed at an early stage of folding. Also, the ) joint was formed in five tectonic stages with different time intervals. Joints formed in different tectonic stages, in the study area, are attributed to oblique collision of Arabian and Eurasian plates and counter clockwise rotation of Arabian plate relative to Eruasian plate.

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Application of paleostress analysis for the identification of potential instability precursors within the Benue Trough Nigeria

Cited by 8 publications

References 37 publications

Paleostress and outcrop fracture analysis along Himalayan Foothills (Eastern Salt Range), Potwar Plateau, NW Himalaya, Pakistan

Paleostress and outcrop fracture analysis along Himalayan Foothills (Eastern Salt Range), Potwar Plateau, NW Himalaya, Pakistan

Using Seismic Data and Slip Tendency to Estimate Paleostress: A Case Study From Xicaogu Area of Bohai Bay Basin, China

Paleostress Analysis of the Northeastern Limb of Pulkhana Anticline /NE Iraq: Implications for Arabian Plate Tectonic Evolution

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