Application of natural polymers as pharmaceutical excipients

Saha, Tushar; Masum, Zia Uddin; Mondal, Shadhan Kumar; Hossain, Md. Sakhawat; Jobaer, Md. Abu; Shahin, Rafiqul Islam; Fahad, Titumeer

doi:10.35248/gjlsbr.2018.4.1

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Disintegrants can be obtained from natural and synthetic sources. The use of natural polymeric excipients in the pharmaceutical sector is increasing on a daily basis over semisynthetic or synthetic excipients due to their low toxicity, availability, cost-effectiveness, and nonirritant nature [ 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pectin can therefore be utilized as an alternative source of pharmaceutical excipients at a cheaper cost. The food and beverage industry is already harnessing the properties of pectin as a thickening agent, a gelling agent, and a colloidal stabilizer in their products [ 5 , 10 ]. Pectin obtained from the citrus family has been investigated for its binding properties in tablets [ 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potential and Comparative Tablet Disintegrant Properties of Pectin Obtained from Five Okra Genotypes in Ghana

et al. 2021

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Okra pectin has been studied as a potential excipient in tablet formulations for pharmaceutical industries. Okra is widely grown and available in Ghana and other parts of the world. The prospective use of pectin from okra genotypes grown in Ghana as tablet disintegrants has not been reported. This study aims to determine the potential and comparative disintegrating properties of pectin from five okra genotypes (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) in Ghana using uncoated immediate release paracetamol tablet formulations. The yield of the pectin from the various genotypes ranged between 6.12 and 18.84% w/w. The extracted pectins had pH ranging from slightly acidic to almost neutral (6.39–6.92). Pectin from the various genotypes exhibited good swelling indexes (˃200%), varying solubility in different solvents, and low moisture content (˂20%). Elemental analysis of the extracted pectin from the various genotypes revealed very low levels of toxic metals and micronutrients. Pectin from the various genotypes was evaluated as disintegrants within concentrations of 5–10% w/w (F1–F18). Their disintegrating properties were compared to that of maize starch BP. All the formulated batches of uncoated immediate release paracetamol tablets (F1–F18) passed the following: uniformity of weight test, uniformity of dimensions, hardness, friability (˂1%), and drug content (95–105%). Significant differences ( p ≤ 0.05 ) were observed between the hardness of the maize starch tablets and tablets formulated from pectin of the various genotypes. Pectin from all genotypes other than PC5 exhibited good disintegrating properties (DT ˂ 15 min) and subsequently passed the dissolution profile test (≥70% release in 45 minutes). Tablets formulated with PC5 as disintegrants at all concentrations (5% w/w (F5), 7.5% w/w (F11), and 10% w/w (F17)) failed the disintegration and dissolution tests. Ultimately, pectins extracted from PC1, PC2, PC3, and PC4 can be commercially exploited as disintegrants in immediate release tablets.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential and Comparative Tablet Disintegrant Properties of Pectin Obtained from Five Okra Genotypes in Ghana

et al. 2021

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“…The Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients contains a list of excipients that can be used in pharmaceutical drug products and typically used to develop ASDs [ 92 ]. Both Ogaji et al and Saha et al provide a list of natural excipients that can also be used to develop ASDs [ 93 ]. Table 1 displays a limited list of different polymers used to formulate some of the commercially available ASDs along with their glass transition temperature (T g ), an important factor for describing the physical properties of polymers [ 94 ].…”

Section: The Pair Distribution Function (Pdf)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Using X-ray Diffraction Techniques for Biomimetic Drug Development, Formulation, and Polymorphic Characterization

2020

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Drug development is a decades-long, multibillion dollar investment that often limits itself. To decrease the time to drug approval, efforts are focused on drug targets and drug formulation for optimal biocompatibility and efficacy. X-ray structural characterization approaches have catalyzed the drug discovery and design process. Single crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD) reveals important structural details and molecular interactions for the manifestation of a disease or for therapeutic effect. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) has provided a method to determine the different phases, purity, and stability of biological drug compounds that possess crystallinity. Recently, synchrotron sources have enabled wider access to the study of noncrystalline or amorphous solids. One valuable technique employed to determine atomic arrangements and local atom ordering of amorphous materials is the pair distribution function (PDF). PDF has been used in the study of amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs). ASDs are made up of an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) within a drug dispersed at the molecular level in an amorphous polymeric carrier. This information is vital for appropriate formulation of a drug for stability, administration, and efficacy purposes. Natural or biomimetic products are often used as the API or the formulation agent. This review profiles the deep insights that X-ray structural techniques and associated analytical methods can offer in the development of a drug.

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“…Such polymers are biocompatible, inexpensive, readily available, and are superior to synthetic pharmaceutical additives due to low cost, low toxicity, and nonirritant nature. This enables them to compete with the current commercially produced synthetic excipients [ 3 , 4 ]. Plant-based polymers such as gums and mucilage have been researched for their use as binders in immediate release tablets due to their reported advantages over synthetic polymers as binders [ 5 – 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pectin concentrations are greatest in the middle lamella of the cell wall, gradually decreasing as one approaches the plasma membrane. It has been used effectively as a thickening agent and a colloidal stabilizer in the food and beverage sector for many years [ 3 , 8 ]. Even though pectin from citrus and mango peel have been investigated as potential binding agents in immediate release tablets, these two major sources of pectin have long maturity periods [ 9 – 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of Pectin from Okra as Binding Agent in Immediate Release Tablets

Owusu

Boakye-Gyasi

Entsie

et al. 2021

BioMed Research International

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Polymeric materials from plants continue to be of interest to pharmaceutical scientists as potential binders in immediate release tablets due to availability, sustainability, and constant supply to feed local pharmaceutical industries. Paracetamol tablet formulations were utilized in investigating the potential binding characteristics of pectin harnessed from various okra genotypes (PC1-PC5) in Ghana. The pectin yields from the different genotypes ranged from 6.12 to 18.84%w/w. The pH of extracted pectin ranged from 6.39 to 6.92, and it had good swelling indices and a low moisture content. Pectin extracted from all genotypes were evaluated as binders (10, 15, and 20%w/v) and compared to tragacanth BP. All formulated tablets (F1-F18) passed the weight uniformity, drug content, hardness, and friability tests. Based on their crushing strength, tablets prepared with pectin from the various genotypes were relatively harder ( P ≤ 0.05 ) than tablets prepared with tragacanth BP. Tablets prepared with pectins as binders at 10%w/v and 15%w/v passed the disintegration and dissolution tests with the exception of PC4 at 15%w/v. Incorporation of pectin from all genotypes (excluding PC5) as a binder at concentrations above 15%w/v (F13, F16, F14, and F15) produced tablets which failed the disintegration test and showed poor dissolution profiles. Thus, pectin from these genotypes can be industrially commodified as binders in immediate release tablets using varying concentrations.

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Application of natural polymers as pharmaceutical excipients

Cited by 9 publications

References 46 publications

Potential and Comparative Tablet Disintegrant Properties of Pectin Obtained from Five Okra Genotypes in Ghana

Potential and Comparative Tablet Disintegrant Properties of Pectin Obtained from Five Okra Genotypes in Ghana

Using X-ray Diffraction Techniques for Biomimetic Drug Development, Formulation, and Polymorphic Characterization

Utilization of Pectin from Okra as Binding Agent in Immediate Release Tablets

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