Application of nanomaterials in proteomics-driven precision medicine

Abstract

Nanostructured devices and nanoparticles have fundamentally reshaped the development of precision healthcare in recent decades. Meanwhile, mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics has evolved from simple protein sequencing to a powerful approach that identifies disease patterns and signatures, reveals molecular mechanisms of pathological processes, and develops therapeutic or preventive drugs. Significantly, the two distinct disciplines have synergized and expanded our knowledge about human health and disease, as evidenced by a variety of nanotechnology-assisted sample processing strategies, facilitating in-depth proteome profiling and post-translational modifications (PTMs) characterization. This review summarizes recent advances in nanoparticle design for better enrichment of marker proteins and their PTMs from various bio-specimens and emerging nanotechnologies that are applied to MS-based proteomics for precision medicine discovery.

Universal Hydrogen-Treated TiO2 Nanorod Array/Ti2COX MXene PEC Aptamer Sensor Modulated by the Transport Characteristic of Photogenerated Holes

“…Ti 2 C is one of the thinnest materials in the MXene system with an extremely narrow band gap. After being modified with −O groups, a large number of reactive sites on the surface can serve as potential binding sites for DNA aptamer fixation. − TiO 2 is a popular material in the field of photoelectric sensing and photocatalysis, due to its good photoelectric activity, high stability, and low cost. ,, Further, TiO 2 nanorod arrays (NAs) produced on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) possess large and adjustable specific surface areas (SSAs) for Ti 2 CO X MXene loading. , The oxygen-deficient state of its surface has the potential to bind better with Ti 2 CO X to form a more stable sensing system. Furthermore, by combing with narrow-band semiconductors, the carrier recombination of TiO 2 can be decreased by the heterojunction electric field.…”

“…29−34 TiO 2 is a popular material in the field of photoelectric sensing and photocatalysis, due to its good photoelectric activity, high stability, and low cost. 18,35,36 Further, TiO 2 nanorod arrays (NAs) produced on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) possess large and adjustable specific surface areas (SSAs) for Ti 2 CO X MXene loading. 37,38 The oxygen-deficient state of its surface has the potential to bind better with Ti 2 CO X to form a more stable sensing system.…”

Nanomaterials with Excellent Adsorption Characteristics for Sample Pretreatment: A Review

“…In recent years, there is increasing research on hybrid composites, especially the magnetic hybrid composites. Magnetic nanoparticles have the characteristics of superparamagnetism, high adsorption capacity, a large specific surface area, and so on [ 37 , 38 ]. These characteristics make it more suitable to be adsorbent for SPE.…”

Addressable Label-Free Photoelectric Sensor Array with Self-Calibration for Detection of Neuron Specific Enolase

“…The photoelectric activity of materials is essential for improving sensor array performance. Because of their good photoelectric activity, high stability, and low cost, metal oxide semiconductors, such as ZnO, , WO 3 , TiO 2 , , are frequently utilized materials in the field of photoelectric sensing and photocatalysis. While, in order to control the difference of regions on the electrode array, the uniformity of material distribution on the electrode is very important.…”