Application of Nanofluids for Machining Processes: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

According to the demand of the present world, as everything needs to be economically viable and environment-friendly, the same concept applies to machining operations such as drilling, milling, turning, and grinding. As these machining operations require different lubricants, nanofluids are used as lubricants according to the latest technology. This paper compares different nanofluids used in the same machining operations and studies their effects. The variation in the nanofluid is based on the type of the nanoparticle and base fluid used. These nanofluids improve the lubrication and cooling in the machining operations. They also aid in the improvement in the surface roughness, cutting forces, cutting temperature of the workpiece, and tool life in the overall process taking place. It is worth noting that nanofluids are more effective than simple lubricating agents. Even within the nanofluid, the hybrid type is the most dominating, and helps to obtain a maximum efficiency through certain machining processes.

Performance assessment of some selected vegetable oils as lubricants in turning of AISI 1045 steel using a Taguchi-based grey relational analysis approach

“…Cutting fluid serves as a performance-catalyzing agent in machining [8,9]. The fluids are generally created with three main functions in mind namely: removing heat produced by frictional and shear heating during chip flow and material deformation [10]; lowering coefficients of friction at tool-work and tool-chip interfaces; and making it easier to break up chips into smaller pieces for removal and disposal [11][12][13]. It is supplied directly to the tool-workpiece interface, as close to the cutting edge as possible where chips are formed.…”

Smart Detecting and Versatile Wearable Electrical Sensing Mediums for Healthcare

“…Piezoelectric Nanogenerators-Based Self-Powered Wearable Sensors: For the first time, an Au-MoSe2 composite ammonia (NH3) sensor was powered at room temperature, using a unique flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG) based on a two-dimensional (2D) semiconductor MoS2 flake, as shown in Figure 8a. This design also showed a MoS2based PENG device linked to a person's body to gather various types of body motion energy, illustrated in Figure 8b, demonstrating the device's significant potential for usage in wearable electronics [124][125][126][127][128]. Piezoelectric Nanogenerators-Based Self-Powered Wearable Sensors: For the first time, an Au-MoSe2 composite ammonia (NH3) sensor was powered at room temperature, using a unique flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG) based on a two-dimensional (2D) semiconductor MoS2 flake, as shown in Figure 8a.…”

“…Piezoelectric Nanogenerators-Based Self-Powered Wearable Sensors: For the first time, an Au-MoSe2 composite ammonia (NH3) sensor was powered at room temperature, using a unique flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG) based on a two-dimensional (2D) semiconductor MoS2 flake, as shown in Figure 8 a. This design also showed a MoS2-based PENG device linked to a person’s body to gather various types of body motion energy, illustrated in Figure 8 b, demonstrating the device’s significant potential for usage in wearable electronics [ 124 , 125 , 126 , 127 , 128 ].…”

Applications of Sustainable Hybrid Energy Harvesting: A Review

“…PE-EM hybrid energy harvesters are primarily designed for vibration energy harvesting. However, there are some instances where they are utilized for harvesting human motion [159,160], airflow [161,162], and acoustic energy sources. On the other hand, PE-TE hybrid systems involving applying external forces to deformable laminated structures, achieving deformation of the piezoelectric material (e.g., PVDF) and contact-separation of the triboelectric materials (e.g., Al, Au, Cu, PDMS, PTFE) [163].…”