Application of microcrystalline cellulose as an efficient and cheap sorbent for the extraction of metoprolol from plasma and wastewater before HPLC–MS/MS determination

Abstract

A dispersive solid‐phase extraction method based on a new sorbent has been performed on plasma and wastewater samples to determine metoprolol by high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. In this study, the analyte was adsorbed from the samples onto microcrystalline cellulose as a green and efficient sorbent and then eluted for use in the determination step. In the mass spectrometer, the analyte was detected in the positive mode and selectivity of the analysis was increased by sequential mass analysis through multiple reaction monitoring. All of the effective parameters in the extraction of metoprolol from plasma and wastewater were optimized. Under optimal conditions the method was linear in the ranges of 1–1,000 and 0.1–1,000 ng/ml in plasma and wastewater samples, respectively. The detection limits of the method were 0.30 and 0.03 ng/ml in plasma and wastewater samples, respectively. The data showed that the method provides low detection limit, wide linear range, good precision and high extraction recovery. Finally several plasma and wastewater samples were successfully analyzed using the method. The use of a small amount of a green and inexpensive sorbent and a low volume of plasma without the need for further pretreatment steps are the main advantages of the method.

Innovative Solid-Phase Extraction Strategies for Improving the Advanced Chromatographic Determination of Drugs in Challenging Biological Samples

“…The paper deals with some experimental parameters such as the optimization of MCC value, salt addition, adsorption time, and elution solvent volume. The proposed strategy indicated reasonable relative recovery rates in the range of 84-93% for plasma and 92-96% for wastewater, with minor effects caused by sample matrices on analyte measurements [25]. The green achievement of this study is the utilization of MCC, a renewable and biodegradable sorbent, as an eco-friendly substitute for conventional extraction sorbents in the d-SPE process of metoprolol from complicated samples.…”

“…Marzi Khosrowshahi et al [25] developed an improved d-SPE technique employing microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) for the precise detection of metoprolol in plasma and wastewater using HPLC-MS/MS. Employing MCC as a sorbent in the d-SPE method provides a green, economically viable, and environmentally friendly alternative.…”