Application of Hydrochar Altered Soil Microbial Community Composition and the Molecular Structure of Native Soil Organic Carbon in a Paddy Soil

Sun, Ke; Han, Lanfang; Yang, Yan; Xia, Xinghui; Yang, Zhifeng; Wu, Fengchang; Li, Fangbai; Feng, Yanfang; Xing, Baoshan

doi:10.1021/acs.est.9b05864

Cited by 120 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…It should be noted that, various studies showed that soil pH is a dominant factor for the change in bacterial abundance (Yao et al, 2017b;Liu et al, 2019;Zheng et al, 2019;Sun et al, 2020). However, test soil in this study was alkaline, and biochar application resulted no changes in soil pH and bacterial abundance.…”

Section: Effects Of Biochar On the Abundances Of Soil Bacteria And Fungicontrasting

confidence: 49%

Different Responses of Soil Bacterial and Fungal Communities to 3 Years of Biochar Amendment in an Alkaline Soybean Soil

Gao

Guo

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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Biochar as a soil amendment has been regarded as a promising way to improve soil fertility. However, the response of microbial community after biochar and biochar compound fertilizer (BCF) application has not been thoroughly elucidated. This study evaluated the changes in abundance and composition of bacterial and fungal communities using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and Illumina MiSeq amplicon sequencing. The field experiment ran for 3 years and comprised five treatments: chemical fertilizer as control (CK), straw-returning combined with chemical fertilizer (CS), low biochar application combined with chemical fertilizer (LB), high biochar application combined with chemical fertilizer (HB) and BCF. The results showed that biochar amendment results no changes in the abundance and diversity of bacteria in the bulk and rhizosphere soils. However, the abundance of soil fungi was significantly increased by biochar amendment (LB and HB). LB treatment significantly increased the fungal alpha diversity, while there was no significant change under HB. Furthermore, the dominant bacterial phyla found in the samples were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Acidobacteria. Biochar addition increased the relative abundance of Actinobacteria in both bulk and rhizosphere soils. The dominant fungal phyla were Ascomycota, Mortierellomycota, and Basidiomycota. The relative abundance of Ascomycota significantly decreased, but Mortierellomycota significantly increased in LB and HB. In addition, redundancy analysis indicated that the changes in bacterial and fungal communities are associated with soil properties such as SOC and TN, which are crucial contributors in regulating the community composition. This study is expected to provide significant theoretical and practical knowledge for the application of biochar in agricultural ecosystem.

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Section: Effects Of Biochar On the Abundances Of Soil Bacteria And Fungicontrasting

confidence: 49%

Different Responses of Soil Bacterial and Fungal Communities to 3 Years of Biochar Amendment in an Alkaline Soybean Soil

Gao

Guo

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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“…Furthermore, Prayogo et al (2014) found an increase in soil pH with a 2% (w/w) BC addition, as well as changes to the microbial community structures at application rate as low as 0.5%. Increases in soil pH are also reported by Sun et al (2020) following the addition of 0.5% and 1.5% HC of variable wheat origins. Although the application of less than 1% HC in field trials by Reza et al (2014) did not significantly impact the soil properties, it did reduce the sugar beet crop yield, while an even smaller application rate of 0.8% HC in Melo et al (2018) increased the dry biomass of Phaseolus beans over two harvests, and also improved soil nutrient content and soil fertility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Microbial activity has long been considered an essential process in the nutrient-and C-cycle in soils (Higashida and Takao 1986;Lehmann et al 2011). The microbial abundance and composition in soils effectively aid in regulating the soil organic carbon (SOC) pool through its decomposition of organic C inputs (Sun et al 2020). The C input from BC and HC addition to soils has direct and indirect effects on soil microorganisms by its direct C contribution, its retention capacity for dissolved organic matter (DOM) and its influence on soil properties, such as pH, WHC and cation exchange capacity (CEC) (Biederman and Harpole 2013;Budai et al 2016;Salem 2013).…”

Section: Microbial Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

An investigation of the effects of hydrochar application rate on soil amelioration and plant growth in three diverse soils

Jager

Giani

2021

Biochar

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The hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of biogas digestate alters the raw materials inherent characteristics to produce a carbon (C)-rich hydrochar (HC), with an improved suitability for soil amelioration. Numerous studies report conflicting impacts of various HC application rates on soil properties and plant growth. In this study, the influence of HC application rate on soil improvement and plant growth aspects was investigated in three diverse soils (Chernozem, Podzol, and Gleysol). Pot trials were conducted in which all soils were amended with 5, 10, 20 and 30% (w/w) HC in quintuplicate, with two controls of pure soil (with and without plants, respectively) also included. Prior to potting, soil samples were collected from all HC-amended soils and controls and analyzed for soil pH, plant available nutrients (PO4-P and K), and microbial activity using standard laboratory and statistical methods. Immediately after potting, a 6-week seed germination experiment using Chinese cabbage was conducted to determine germination success, followed by a plant growth experiment of equal duration and plant species to determine biomass success. At the end of the study (after a total plant growth period of 12 weeks), each pot was sampled and comparatively analyzed for the same soil properties as at the beginning of the study. Soil pH shifted toward the pH of the HC (6.6) in all soils over the course of the study, but was most expressed in the 20% and 30% application rates, confirming the well-documented liming effect of HC. The addition of HC increased the PO4-P and K contents, particularly with 20% and 30% HC amendments. These results are proposedly due to the large labile C fraction of the HC, which is easily degradable by microorganisms. The rapid decomposition of this C fraction prompted the quick release of the HCs inherently high PO4-P and K content into the soil, and in turn, further stimulated microbial activity, until this fraction was essentially depleted. HC addition did not inhibit seed germination at any rate, presumably due to a lack of phytotoxic compounds in the HC from aging and microbial processes, and furthermore, showed no significant impact (positive or negative) on plant growth in any soil, despite improved soil conditions. In conclusion, although less pronounced, soil improvements were still achievable and maintainable at lower application rates (5% and 10%), whereas higher rates did not ensure greater benefits for plant growth. While the addition of high rates of HC did not detrimentally effect soil quality or plant growth, it could lead to leaching if the nutrient supply exceeds plant requirements and the soil’s nutrient retention capacity. Therefore, this study validates the previous study in the effectiveness of the biogas digestate HC for soil amelioration and suggests that smaller regularly repeated HC applications may be recommendable for soil improvement.

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“…These observations suggest that the shift in the structure of SOC was not merely caused by the physical mixture of amendments with soil, but resulted from other factors. We have previously identified the crucial role of microbial community in regulating the SOC molecular structure (Sun et al, 2020). As discussed before, biochar‐treated soil, particularly SBC600, contained significantly more Actinobacteria , while BR‐amended soil had more Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bacterial communities play critical roles in regulating the decomposition and composition of soil organic carbon (SOC; Mitchell et al, 2015), which in turn affects the global carbon cycle (Schlesinger & Andrews, 2000) and soil fertility (Srinivasarao et al, 2012). For instance, Sun et al (2020) stated that a statistical reduction in Sphingobacterium and an increase in Flavobacterium and Anerolinea induced by hydrochar application could increase aromatic compounds but decrease carbohydrates of native SOC. Anderson et al (2011) observed that biochar shifted soil bacterial community to species of bacteria which preferred to degrade more recalcitrant SOC constituents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogas residue biochar shifted bacterial community, mineralization, and molecular structure of organic carbon in a sandy loam Alfisol

et al. 2021

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Pyrolysis into biochar as a soil amendment has been treated as an eco‐friendly and environmentally sustainable method to recycle biogas residue (BR). However, the effect of BR biochar on soil bacterial community, mineralization, and structure of organic carbon (OC) remains unrevealed, which limits the soil application of BR biochar. This study performed a microcosm incubation experiment for a sandy soil with BR and BR‐derived biochar produced at relatively low (300°C) and high (600°C) temperature (BC300 and BC600), and explored the shift in bacterial community, mineralization, and structure of OC. Results showed that BR decreased the richness and diversity of bacterial community by 19.0%–28.0%, while BR biochar caused lower reduction (4.0%–7.0%), suggesting the potential of pyrolysis in mitigating the harmful effect of BR in bacterial community. Fourier‐transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance demonstrated that BR and BR biochar shifted dissolved OC toward components with 12.0%–26.0% higher molecular weight and 18.0%–21.0% more aromatics but 10.0%–22.0% lower polarity and less protein‐, carbohydrate‐, and tannin‐like species, with the shift extent being stronger for BC600. Furthermore, BC600 increased the aromaticity of bulk OC but reduced the carbohydrate, possibly due to more Actinobacteria genera. Additionally, BR significantly elevated the amount and rate of soil carbon mineralization, while the potentially mineralizable C was the lowest in the BC600‐treated soil. These findings suggested that the pyrolysis into biochar at high temperature would be a promising way to treat BR in terms of soil bacterial community richness/diversity and carbon sequestration.

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Application of Hydrochar Altered Soil Microbial Community Composition and the Molecular Structure of Native Soil Organic Carbon in a Paddy Soil

Cited by 120 publications

References 53 publications

Different Responses of Soil Bacterial and Fungal Communities to 3 Years of Biochar Amendment in an Alkaline Soybean Soil

Different Responses of Soil Bacterial and Fungal Communities to 3 Years of Biochar Amendment in an Alkaline Soybean Soil

An investigation of the effects of hydrochar application rate on soil amelioration and plant growth in three diverse soils

Biogas residue biochar shifted bacterial community, mineralization, and molecular structure of organic carbon in a sandy loam Alfisol

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