Application of gas chromatographic retention properties to the identification of environmental contaminants

Donnelly, J.R.; Abdelhamid, Moustafa Salaheldin; Jeter, J. L.; Gurka, Donald F.

doi:10.1016/0021-9673(93)80106-i

Cited by 23 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Pelargonic acid, cholesteryl nonanoate, ethyl pelargonate, and methyl pelargonate have been analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), infrared (IR), and mass spectrometry; and pentaerythrityl pelargonate has been analyzed by IR spectrometry. 17 Methyl pelargonate and pelargonic acid have also been analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, 34 and the same is true for ethyl pelargonate. 35…”

Section: Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 96%

Final Report of the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel on the Safety Assessment of Pelargonic Acid (Nonanoic Acid) and Nonanoate Esters

Johnson¹,

Heldreth²,

Bergfeld³

et al. 2011

Int J Toxicol

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Pelargonic acid and its esters function as skin-conditioning agents in cosmetics. Molecular weight (mw) and octanol-water partition coefficient data suggest that dermal penetration is possible. The biohandling of branched-chain fatty acids is not the same as for straight-chain fatty acids, but the differences are not significant to the conclusion that they all are readily metabolized to nontoxic moieties. Limited data suggested that the penetration of other ingredients may be enhanced if these ingredients are present in the same formulation. These ingredients are not significant oral or dermal toxicants in animal studies. They are not reproductive/developmental toxicants or genotoxic/carcinogenic in animal studies. The available data suggested that product formulations containing these ingredients would be nonirritating and nonsensitizing to human skin, but formulators were cautioned to consider the penetration enhancement potential. The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel concluded that these ingredients are safe in the present practices of use and concentration.

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Section: Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 96%

Final Report of the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel on the Safety Assessment of Pelargonic Acid (Nonanoic Acid) and Nonanoate Esters

Johnson¹,

Heldreth²,

Bergfeld³

et al. 2011

Int J Toxicol

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“…These log K w values can then be used to describe partitioning from the atmosphere into aerosols and raindrops, where they are common pollutants. 32 The actual atmospheric vapour concentration of the higher carboxylic acids is quite small; one study 1 cites 6.3 ng m 23 for nonanoic acid over the heavily polluted central area of Los Angeles, corresponding to 4 6 10 28 mol dm 23 . At such concentrations, the extent of association in either the vapour phase or aqueous phase will be very small.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Note that there are two equations for gas/water partitions, one in Table 2 and the other in Table 3. In addition to these well-known equations, a number of sets of GLC retention indices [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] have been analyzed through eqn. (4); coefficients are in Table 4.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Predictions have been made by English and Carroll, 11 Russell and co-workers, 12 Meylan and Howard 10 and Yaffe and co-workers. 13 Details of experimental and predicted values are in Table 1, where K w is the unitless gas-water partition coefficient defined as: K w ~[conc of solute, mol dm 23 , in water]/ [conc of solute, mol dm 23 , in gas phase] (…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The determination of air/water partition coefficients for alkyl carboxylic acids by a new indirect method

Abraham

2003

J. Environ. Monitor.

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The air/water partition coefficients of carboxylic acids, Kw, especially those of high molecular weight, are very difficult to determine directly. Values of Kw can be obtained by an indirect method as Kw = K/P where K is an air/solvent partition coefficient and P is the corresponding water/solvent partition coefficient. In the present method, gas-liquid chromatographic data and water/solvent partition data are used to obtain 'descriptors' of carboxylic acids that can then be used to determine the required K, P, and thus Kw values. These are reported for all the 24 n-alkyl carboxylic acids from formic acid to n-tetracosanoic acid, and for seven branched chain alkyl carboxylic acids. There is good agreement with literature values of Kw, where available, although the present data on the n-alkyl carboxylic acids is much more self consistent than the literature data.

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“…Boiling points (bp) have been presented as an estimate for retention indices [221,222]. Eckel and Kind used Lee retention indices (RI) of a broad range of compounds separated on 95% methylsiloxane and 5% phenylsiloxane to derive a correlation between retention and the boiling point (19) (Fig.…”

Section: Boiling Pointsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect-Directed Analysis of Complex Environmental Contamination

Brack¹

2011

The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry

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Application of gas chromatographic retention properties to the identification of environmental contaminants

Cited by 23 publications

References 6 publications

Final Report of the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel on the Safety Assessment of Pelargonic Acid (Nonanoic Acid) and Nonanoate Esters

Final Report of the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel on the Safety Assessment of Pelargonic Acid (Nonanoic Acid) and Nonanoate Esters

The determination of air/water partition coefficients for alkyl carboxylic acids by a new indirect method

Effect-Directed Analysis of Complex Environmental Contamination

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