Application of Efficient Magnetic Particles and Activated Carbon for Dye Removal from Wastewater

Abstract

Since the turn of the 21st century, water pollution has been a major issue, and most of the pollution is generated by dyes. Adsorption is one of the most commonly used dye-removal methods from aqueous solution. Magnetic-particle integration in the water-treatment industry is gaining considerable attention because of its outstanding physical and chemical properties. Magnetic-particle adsorption technology shows promising and effective outcomes for wastewater treatment owing to the presence of magnetic material in the adsorbents that can facilitate separation through the application of an external magnetic field. Meanwhile, the introduction of activated carbon (AC) derived from various materials into a magnetic material can lead to efficient organic-dye removal. Therefore, this combination can provide an economical, efficient, and environmentally friendly water-purification process. Although activated carbon from low-cost and abundant materials has considerable potential in the water-treatment industry, the widespread applications of adsorption technology are limited by adsorbent recovery and separation after treatment. This work specifically and comprehensively describes the use of a combination of a magnetic material and an activated carbon material for dye adsorption in wastewater treatment. The literature survey in this mini-review provides evidence of the potential use of these magnetic adsorbents, as well as their magnetic separation and recovery. Future directions and challenges of magnetic activated carbon in wastewater treatment are also discussed in this paper.

Comparative Study of CoFe2O4 Nanoparticles and CoFe2O4-Chitosan Composite for Congo Red and Methyl Orange Removal by Adsorption

“…Therefore, they have to be replaced by other efficient methods in water/wastewater treatment applications. One of the most important and economically efficient separation methods is magnetic separation [23][24][25][26][27][28]. This can be applied instead of filtration and centrifugation.…”

Smart Adsorbents for Aquatic Environmental Remediation

“…Magnetic Activated Carbon: After-use recovery of powdered activated carbon (PAC) leads to material loss, negatively affecting regeneration and reusability. [161] In the search for economic feasibility, great advances have been made with the production of magnetic activated carbon (MAC) by the matrix inclusion of magnetically active components. Due to their comparatively low price, great availability, and large magnetizing capacity, [162,163] ferrites such as manganese ferrite (MnFe 2 O 4 ), [164] cobalt ferrite (CoFe 2 O 4 ) [165] nickel ferrite (NiFe 2 O 4 ), [166] and iron oxides, namely maghemite (γ-Fe 2 O 3 ) and, especially, magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ), are most commonly used.…”

Enhanced removal of Congo red dye from aqueous solution by surface modified activated carbon with bacteria

“…Considering that the adsorbent level has a positive charge at lower pH, therefore, due to the electrostatic attraction between the adsorbent and CR, and the high interactions between H + and CR, the adsorption capacity increases. The reduction in removal efficiency in alkaline pH can be due to electrostatic repulsion between the negative charge surface of AC@bacteria and the anions to adsorb onto active sites on the adsorbent surface (Moosavi et al 2020).…”