Application of different nitrogen doses to increase nitrogen efficiency in Mombasa guinegrass (Panicum maximum cv. mombasa) at dry and rainy seasons

Abstract

Nitrogen is the nutrient that most influences productivity and pasture quality but nitrogen fertilization efficiency still needs to be increased. The objective of this work was to study the efficiency of nitrogen sources and doses (N) on the yield of Panicum maximum cv. Mombasa applied during rainy and dry periods. The soil of the experimental area is an ultisol with a sandy texture. The experimental design was a randomized block in a factorial scheme with four replications, two sources of nitrogen: urea and ammonium nitrate and five N doses (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg ha -1 per cutting), in total 0, 300, 600, 900 and 1200 kg ha -1 per season-dry or rainy, respectively). The dry matter yield (DMY) and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), agronomic efficiency (AE), recovery of applied nitrogen (RAN) and physiological efficiency (PE) were evaluated. The results showed that N source did not influence DMY, NUE, AE, RAN and PE. However, the N doses influenced DMY positively, and negatively NUE, AE, RAN and PE. Generally, the increase was occurred in DMY with the increase of N doses and decrease in NUE, AE, RAN and PE. As the N source did not influence the analyzed attributes, it is recommended to use urea, because it is a fertilizer with the highest N concentration and lowest cost per unit of nutrient, at a dose of 100 kg ha -1 per cut, favoring DMY gain. In addition this urea assists with the management and maintenance of the Mombasa guineagrass.

Características bromatológicas e produtividade do capim Tifton 85 submetido a fontes de adubos nitrogenados

“…O nitrogênio quando aplicado no solo é assimilado pela forrageira e se associa às cadeias de carbono, promovendo o aumento dos constituintes celulares e, consequentemente, aumentando o vigor e a produção total de matéria seca das plantas (GALINDO et al, 2017). Além disso, afeta o acúmulo de carboidratos, aminoácidos, enzimas e fitohormônios, que promove o incremento da biomassa (BORGES et al, 2017).…”

Desenvolvimento e produção do capim BRS quênia submetido a doses de adubação nitrogenada

“…O aumento na produção de matéria seca em função da adubação nitrogenada se justifica devido o N ser o componente responsável por várias reações, além de fazer parte da clorofila, de enzimas e proteínas, auxilia na formação e crescimento radicular, na fotossíntese e na translocação de fotoassimilados para o crescimento foliar. Além disso, o N é considerado o elemento mais demandado pelas gramíneas, o qual promove a aceleração na formação e crescimento de novas lâminas foliares e atua no aumento do vigor de rebrotação, o que contribui para melhorar a recuperação da planta após o corte (GALINDO et al, 2017;MARTUSCELLO et al, 2018;ROSADO et al, 2017;BERNARDI et al, 2018).…”

Agronomic and Bromatological Traits of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Piatã as Affected by Nitrogen Rates and Cutting Heights

“…This might have occurred because nitrogen is the nutrient that provides most of the yield in the dry matter production of forage grasses, for being an important component of proteins and influencing metabolic processes [10,28]. In addition, it promotes increments in the production of green dry matter by increasing the regrowth vigor due to the increase of the cellular constituents of the plant by the assimilation and association of nitrogen into the carbon chains [29].…”