Application of cognitive scales to medical records of schizophrenia inpatients

Ortakov, Vladimir; Mancevski, Branislav; Keilp, John G.; Oppenheim, Sara; Dwork, Andrew J.

doi:10.1016/s0920-9964(98)00086-3

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Furthermore, these findings are commensurate with research on other systems of clinical measurement (e.g., behavioral rating scales) used in psychiatric and neuromedical research samples (e.g., Bae et al, 2001;Fantoni et al, 1999;McPherson, Pentland, Cudmore, & Prescott, 1996;O'Dell, Riggs, Turner, Crawford, & Abrams, 1991;Ortakov, Mancevski, Keilp, Oppenheim, & Dwork, 1999;Sanders et al, 1998). In support of the external validity of the clinical ratings system, our findings are also commensurate with those of Heaton et al (1994), who reported a kappa of 0.84 for dichotomous global ratings.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Interrater Reliability of Clinical Ratings and Neurocognitive Diagnoses in HIV

Woods

Rippeth

Frol

et al. 2004

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology

295

312

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We examined the interrater (IRR) of clinical ratings of neuropsychological (NP) impairment and neurocognitive diagnoses in HIV. Thirty participants with advanced HIV-infection who were enrolled in a multicenter HIV brain banking research project underwent comprehensive NP and neuromedical evaluations. Using a standardized system of guidelines, neuropsychologists from six participating sites independently assigned clinical ratings of NP impairment, as well as multilevel diagnoses reflecting the inferred etiology of the impairments and their effects on everyday functioning. Findings indicated excellent IRR in rating the presence and severity of NP impairment, but overall modest IRR for neurocognitive diagnoses. Not surprisingly, most diagnostic disagreements concerned the etiology of impairments in persons with medical and neuropsychiatric risk factors in addition to HIV.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Interrater Reliability of Clinical Ratings and Neurocognitive Diagnoses in HIV

Woods

Rippeth

Frol

et al. 2004

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology

295

312

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Nine patients had either definite ( n = 4) or possible ( n = 5) deficits (Table 1 ); no records were available for one patient. It was not possible to formalize this kind of classification by scales (Ortakov et al, 1999 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oligodendrocyte and Interneuron Density in Hippocampal Subfields in Schizophrenia and Association of Oligodendrocyte Number with Cognitive Deficits

Falkai

Steiner

Malchow

et al. 2016

Front. Cell. Neurosci.

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In schizophrenia, previous stereological post-mortem investigations of anterior, posterior, and total hippocampal subfields showed no alterations in total neuron number but did show decreased oligodendrocyte numbers in CA4, an area that corresponds to the polymorph layer of the dentate gyrus (DG). However, these investigations identified oligodendrocytes only on the basis of morphological criteria in Nissl staining and did not assess alterations of interneurons with immunohistochemical markers. Moreover, the association of findings in the posterior hippocampus with cognitive deficits remains unknown. On the basis of the available clinical records, we compared patients with definite and possible cognitive dysfunction; nine patients had evidence in their records of either definite (n = 4) or possible (n = 5) cognitive dysfunction. Additionally, we assessed the density of two oligodendrocyte subpopulations immunostained by the oligodendrocyte transcription factors Olig1 and Olig2 and of interneurons immunolabeled by parvalbumin. We investigated posterior hippocampal subregions in the post-mortem brains of the same schizophrenia patients (SZ; n = 10) and healthy controls (n = 10) we examined in our previously published stereological studies. Our stereological studies found that patients with definite cognitive deficits had decreased total/Nissl-stained oligodendrocyte numbers in the left (p = 0.014) and right (p = 0.050) CA4, left CA2/3 (p = 0.050), left CA1 (p = 0.027), and left (p = 0.050) and right (p = 0.014) subiculum of the anterior part of the hippocampus compared to patients with possible cognitive deficits. In the present study, we found no significant influence of definite cognitive deficits in the posterior part of the hippocampus, whereas in the entire hippocampus SZ with definite cognitive deficits showed decreased oligodendrocyte numbers in the left (p = 0.050) and right (p = 0.050) DG and left CA2/3 (p = 0.050). We did not find significant differences in Olig1-, Olig2-, or parvalbumin-positive cell density between SZ and controls in any of the subregions of the posterior hippocampus. Based on the results from our stereological study we hypothesize that a decreased number of oligodendrocytes in the anterior and entire hippocampus may be involved in cognitive deficits by impairing the connectivity of this structure in schizophrenia. In the posterior hippocampus, we could not replicate previously reported findings of decreased interneurons from the entire hippocampus.

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“…The Scales of Cognitive Impairment Rated From Institutional Records (SCIRFIR) were also completed for each patient, using data from the year prior to death. 21 This battery provides scores for the Blessed Functional Activity scale 22 and the Clinical Dementia Rating. 23 The SCIRFIR have good reliability and validity, can demonstrate change over time, and show an association in patients with schizophrenia between cogni- Abbreviations: BFAS, Blessed Functional Activity Scale; CDR, Clinical Dementia Rating; F, female; M, male; NA, not available; PMI, postmortem interval.…”

Section: Human Tissue Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…*Impaired cognition was defined by a CDR total score of 12 or more, consistent with the results of a previous study of patients with schizophrenia and definite cognitive impairment. 21 tive scores and senile plaque counts. The project was approved by the University of British Columbia Human Subjects Committee.…”

Section: Human Tissue Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%