Application of central composite design for the optimization of itraconazole loaded nail lacquer formulation

Rahman, Atiya; Aqil, Mohd.; Ahad, Abdul; Imam, Syed Sarim; Qadir, Abdul; Ali, Asgar

doi:10.1007/s13205-021-02862-0

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…QbD was applied for optimization of the liposomes, and the lacquer formulation was formulated with a fixed formula, and standard characterization of lacquer was performed along with permeation experiments with the product [ 48 ]. Another recent study focused on developing an itraconazole nail lacquer optimized by central composite design based design of experiments for the selection of polymer content (4% w / v to 6% w / v ) and permeation enhancer (2.5% v / v to 5% v / v ) [ 52 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We believe that the D 50 drying time methodology developed in our work is a significant improvement in the currently used method and can provide a much-improved way for product developers to statistically access the quality of their product. Up until recently, similar products have been tested by an outdated approach which may not be as accurate when comparing formulations [ 48 , 52 ]. When testing drying times by touching the films to see if they are dry, there can be a gap of several seconds between touches and the time actual time by which the lacquer film dries may be missed, making it less accurate, especially when several formulations are being compared with drying time as a critical quality attribute.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After 24 h, the slides were removed and were patted dry using lint-free wipes to be weighed again. The loss in weight of the lacquer as a percentage of the original film weight was reported as a measure of its water resistance as shown in Equation (4) [ 51 , 52 ].

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antifungal Nail Lacquer for Enhanced Transungual Delivery of Econazole Nitrate

et al. 2022

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The fungal disease of the nail, onychomycosis, which is also the most prevalent nail disturbance, demands effective topical treatment options considering the possible adverse effects of systemic antifungal therapy. The current work is focused on development of an adhesive and resistant, drug-delivering and permeation-enhancing polymeric film containing econazole nitrate (ECN) for topical antifungal treatment. The development of the lacquer formulation was guided by the Quality by Design approach to achieve the critical quality attributes needed to obtain the product of desired quality. Eudragit RSPO at 10% w/w was found to be the ideal adhesive polymer for the application and an optimal permeation-enhancing lacquer formulation was achieved by the optimization of other formulation excipients, such as plasticizer and the solvent system. Additionally, novel experimental enhancements introduced to the research included refined D50 drying time and drying rate tests for lacquer characterization as well as a multi-mechanism permeation-enhancing pre-treatment. Moreover, a practical implication was provided by a handwashing simulation designed to test the performance of the lacquer during actual use. In vitro drug release testing and ex vivo nail permeation testing demonstrated that the optimized nail lacquer performed better than control lacquer lacking the permeation enhancer by achieving a faster and sustained delivery of ECN. It can be concluded that this is a promising drug delivery system for topical antifungal treatment of onychomycotic nails, and the novel characterization techniques may be adapted for similar formulations in the future.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antifungal Nail Lacquer for Enhanced Transungual Delivery of Econazole Nitrate

et al. 2022

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“…Similar results were obtained earlier. [30] Table 3 The increase in concentration of polymer and high boiling solvent helped formation of a good nonsticky film which leads to better drug release and permeation (Equation 1). However, at high nitrocellulose concentration the zone of inhibition increased steeply with ethanol concentration (Fig.…”

Section: In Vitro Antifungal Activity-disk Diffusion Antifungal Sensi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing the Efficacy of Transungual Drug Delivery System (Nail Lacquer) Containing Terbinafine AgainstAspergillus brasiliensisfor the Topical Treatment of Onychomycosis

Rao¹,

Bhalekar²,

Kelkar³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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According to a survey of 42 epidemiological studies, the cases of Non-dermatophyte mould onychomycosis (NDMO) caused by Aspergillus species have been found to increase. The number ranges from <1 to 35% of all cases of onychomycosis in the general population and the number is higher in the diabetic population. Around 7.7-100% of cases of NDMO are caused by Aspergillus species. Hence the attempt of investigation to test the efficacy of the drug by transungual drug permeation has been made. The antifungal agent Terbinafine was incorporated in a topical dosage form (Nail lacquer). The formulation is optimized by a drug design matrix of 23 type using Design-Expert® software, version 11 (DX11). The antifungal assay was performed using the Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method and other evaluation parameters like Drying time, Viscosity are evaluated. Optimized formulation with the highest desirability was selected out of all the possible formulations which showed the best results with good physicochemical properties and antifungal activity. Thus, it can be concluded that medicated nail lacquers containing Terbinafine can be used as a successful method to treat non-dermatophyte mould onychomycosis (NDMO) caused by Aspergillus species.

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“…Hence, improved topical treatment is essential. Current research is ongoing into different drug carriers and topical formulations [45][46][47][48][49], including nail patches [50], UV-curable gels [51][52][53], lacquers [54][55][56], films [57,58] and solutions [59][60][61]. However, many of these applications do not allow for the user to precisely control the dose, or to easily apply multiple drugs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Printing Drugs onto Nails for Effective Treatment of Onychomycosis

et al. 2022

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Inkjet printing (IJP) is an emerging technology for the precision dosing of medicines. We report, for the first time, the printing of the antifungal drug terbinafine hydrochloride directly onto nails for the treatment of onychomycosis. A commercial cosmetic nail printer was modified by removing the ink from the cartridge and replacing it with an in-house prepared drug-loaded ink. The drug-loaded ink was designed so that it was comparable to the commercial ink for key printability properties. Linear drug dosing was shown by changing the lightness of the colour selected for printing (R2 = 0.977) and by printing multiple times (R2 = 0.989). The drug loads were measured for heart (271 µg), world (205 µg) and football (133 µg) shapes. A disc diffusion assay against Trpytophan rubrum showed inhibition of fungal growth with printed-on discs. In vitro testing with human nails showed substantial inhibition with printed-on nails. Hence, this is the first study to demonstrate the ability of a nail printer for drug delivery, thereby confirming its potential for onychomycosis treatment.

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Application of central composite design for the optimization of itraconazole loaded nail lacquer formulation

Cited by 7 publications

References 36 publications

Antifungal Nail Lacquer for Enhanced Transungual Delivery of Econazole Nitrate

Antifungal Nail Lacquer for Enhanced Transungual Delivery of Econazole Nitrate

Testing the Efficacy of Transungual Drug Delivery System (Nail Lacquer) Containing Terbinafine AgainstAspergillus brasiliensisfor the Topical Treatment of Onychomycosis

Printing Drugs onto Nails for Effective Treatment of Onychomycosis

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