Application of biotechnology in the poultry industry

Havenstein, G. B.; Crittenden, L. B.; Petitte, James N.; Qureshi, Huma; Foster, Douglas N.

doi:10.1080/10495399209525760

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…1 Currently, approximately 1 Â 10 6 t of feathers are generated per year. 2 Feathers represent a substantial (5±7%) fraction of the mature weight of birds, but are a keratinous source of protein of low nutritional value in their native state for both ruminants and non-ruminants with an amino acid imbalance, mainly of lysine. 3 On the other hand, sulphur amino acids, mainly cysteine, are in relatively high levels compared to common protein sources such as cereals, soybean meal and blood meal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing nutrient availability of feather meal for ruminants and non-ruminants using an ammonia pressurisation/depressurisation process

Ferrer¹,

Byers²,

Ferrer³

et al. 1999

J. Sci. Food Agric.

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An ammonia pressurisation/depressurisation process (PDA) was evaluated for efficacy in enhancing solubility and digestibility of feather meal (FM) protein. Commercial FM was processed for 5 min with variable ammonia loadings (0.5–2 g g−1 DM), moisture contents (10–50%) and temperatures (75–90 °C). Dry matter and protein solubility were determined in a 0.15 M NaCl solution (6 h, 39 °C) and soluble protein content was determined by the Lowry method. Ruminal solubility was determined by the Kjeldahl method as protein lost in the rumen (1 min) of a cannulated steer. Protein digestibility (crude protein by Kjeldahl analysis) was determined using the in situ dacron bag and pepsin techniques. Protein solubility in the untreated FM was low (13.3 and 7.2%, in NaCl and in rumen fluid, respectively) and increased (p < 0.05) to 39.4 and 23.0%, respectively, in the treated FM at the optimal conditions (50% moisture, 2 g ammonia g−1 dry FM and 90 °C). Ruminal and pepsin protein digestibilities increased (p < 0.05) with increasing moisture content, ammonia loading and temperature. Protein digested in the rumen at 12 h increased from 21.9 (untreated) to 43.0%. Highest digestibility value at 48 h was 54.8%. Pepsin protein digestibility increased (p < 0.05) from 35.4% in the untreated FM to 89.3% in the optimal treatment. Protein solubility in NaCl correlated very well (0.98) with pepsin digestibility. The 3‐fold increase in solubility and 2‐fold increase in digestibility could improve nutrient availability of FM and increase its value as a protein source for both ruminants and non‐ruminants. © 1999 Society of Chemical Industry

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing nutrient availability of feather meal for ruminants and non-ruminants using an ammonia pressurisation/depressurisation process

Ferrer¹,

Byers²,

Ferrer³

et al. 1999

J. Sci. Food Agric.

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“…The use of transgenic technology in poultry breeding was the primary application envisioned by Shuman and Shoffner (1982) and this theme has been re-iterated several times in the interim (Havenstein et al 1992;Salter et al 1993;Zajchowski and Etches 2000). The availability of cell-based vectors to transfer genetic modifications into the genome may alleviate some of the concerns that have been expressed in the past about using retroviral vectors (Salter et al 1993), although the general concern about introducing genetic modifications into the genome of plants and animals in the food chain could curtail this application in the near future.…”

Section: Applications In Poultry Breedingmentioning

confidence: 97%

The hard cell(s) of avian transgenesis

Etches¹

2006

Transgenic Res

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After 25 years, the search for the avian cell that can be cultured indefinitely, genetically modified, and clonally derived while retaining its ability to enter the germline has ended. van de Lavoir et al. [2006a, Nature 441:766-769] have defined the conditions for culture and genetic modification of primordial germ cells (PGCs) and shown that these cells are transmitted at high rates through the germline. The advent of this technology provides the ability to introduce transgenes of any size and to make site-specific changes to the genome. Although PGCs are committed to the germline, they can be induced into somatically committed embryonic germ (EG) cells by changing the culture conditions. EG cells resemble embryonic stem (ES) cells that are also committed to the somatic lineages (van de Lavoir 2006b, Mech Dev 123:31-41). These cell-based systems facilitate insertion of larger transgenes that provide high level, developmentally regulated and tissue-specific expression in transgenic chimeras and their offspring. Following introduction of a transgene, high-grade somatic chimeras can be made with ES and EG cells within 4 weeks and 4 months respectively, allowing quick assessment of the transgenic phenotype. Following introduction of a tansgene into PGCs, high-grade germline chimeras can be made within 8-9 weeks and the high rate of germline transmission of G0 chimeras produces a large cohort of transgenic chicks in 16-17 weeks. PGC, EG and ES cells can be grown in conventional laboratory settings and small flocks of recipient birds or third-party vendors can supply recipient embryos to make somatic and/or germline chimeras. In general, animal management is routine although some specialized equipment and technical skill is required to incubate chimeras in surrogate shells.

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“…Hence, the volume of poultry meat and eggs produced has also expanded to match this rise in retail and consumer demand [67][68][69]. This rise still depends on advances in bird genetics, nutritional management, processing technologies and food safety [70][71][72][73][74][75][76].…”

Section: Authenticity Of Feed Materials Towards Egg Authenticitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Current State of Milk, Dairy Products, Meat and Meat Products, Eggs, Fish and Fishery Products Authentication and Chemometrics

Smaoui,

Tarapoulouzi,

Agriopoulou

et al. 2023

Foods

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Food fraud is a matter of major concern as many foods and beverages do not follow their labelling. Because of economic interests, as well as consumers’ health protection, the related topics, food adulteration, counterfeiting, substitution and inaccurate labelling, have become top issues and priorities in food safety and quality. In addition, globalized and complex food supply chains have increased rapidly and contribute to a growing problem affecting local, regional and global food systems. Animal origin food products such as milk, dairy products, meat and meat products, eggs and fish and fishery products are included in the most commonly adulterated food items. In order to prevent unfair competition and protect the rights of consumers, it is vital to detect any kind of adulteration to them. Geographical origin, production methods and farming systems, species identification, processing treatments and the detection of adulterants are among the important authenticity problems for these foods. The existence of accurate and automated analytical techniques in combination with available chemometric tools provides reliable information about adulteration and fraud. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to present the advances made through recent studies in terms of the analytical techniques and chemometric approaches that have been developed to address the authenticity issues in animal origin food products.

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Application of biotechnology in the poultry industry

Cited by 8 publications

References 45 publications

Increasing nutrient availability of feather meal for ruminants and non-ruminants using an ammonia pressurisation/depressurisation process

Increasing nutrient availability of feather meal for ruminants and non-ruminants using an ammonia pressurisation/depressurisation process

The hard cell(s) of avian transgenesis

Current State of Milk, Dairy Products, Meat and Meat Products, Eggs, Fish and Fishery Products Authentication and Chemometrics

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