Application of biostimulant and CaO to remediate acid mine drainage on the coal mining land in Lampung Sumatra Island

Abstract

:Mining using an open pit system may lead to a deterioration in the quality of the environment in term of the extent of the cleared land, heavy metals contamination on the overburden rock, the formation of acid mine drainage (AMD) with a pH <5, high level of total suspended solid (TSS), and the content of the metal on it. Several research results on post-mining land indicated a change in the environmental quality of the mine. Handling of the AMD problem can be conducted by several methods, including the active method by spreading calcium oxide (CaO) in AMD with the aim of increasing pH to neutral. The purpose of this study was to study the alternative techniques to manage the AMD using biostimulant. The present study was conducted firstly in the vinil house by using 10 L of AMD water sample with 2 kinds of treatment, i.e. CaO with levels of 0.2 and 0.25. Biostimulant with four kinds of treatment (I, II, III and IV) which resulted from the combination of different types of biostimulants (A, B and C) with different in composition. Secondly, research on the 1000 L of AMD for scaling up applications in the field. CaO and biostimulant doses were obtained from the first stage of the study. Analysis pH, TSS, Fe, and Mn of the AMD were done on the control, CaO, and biostimulant treatments. CaO treatment resulted in an increase in pH to 6.9, TSS decreased significantly decline so to 60 mg/L. Fe content in AMD decreased to 0.22 mg/L, and Mn levels decreased to 0.12 mg/L on day 10. Biostimulant treatment resulted in increase of pH to pH 6.7. The TSS value decreased to 40 mg/L. Fe and Mn levels decreased to 0.03 mg/L and Mn 2.98 mg/L, respectively.

The Mixture of Limes in Acid Mine Drainage Treatment

“…The percentages of CaO in CL and CHL were 95.71 % and 93.84 %, respectively indicating that both of them were suitable used as a material to treat AMD. CaO is capable to increase pH and reduce certain heavy metals such as manganese (Mn) [40]. Other materials that contain CaO are flying ash, limestone, dolomite, etc.…”

Integrated Water Treatment System for Peat Water Treatment

“…Humic substances are macromolecular compounds with complex structures, especially the ─COOH, ─OH phenol, OH alcoholic, ethanol, and ─C═O groups will be easily absorbed by activated carbon that has the main structure H─AC. [ 23,24 ] Integrated water treatment systems for peat water can reduce color to meet the requirements for clean water.…”

“…OH ions will be more prominent under alkaline conditions so that the metal cations are bound, and the pH of the treated peat water will increase. [ 23,24 ] Use of mollusk sand and activated carbon during the filtration stage increases the pH while also filtering or reducing turbidity in peat water. Optimal results are needed so that peat water can be used as a source of clean water.…”

“…Mollusk sand contains CaCO 3 , which serves to increase the pH and thus reduces the solubility of metals such as Fe in peat water. [ 23,24 ] In addition to increasing pH, mollusk sand can form biofilms that act as bacterial plaques and are useful as decomposers of organic material in water. [ 13 ]…”

Pelatihan Dan Pemberdayaan Penyuluh Petani Di Kecamatan Suwawa Timur Da-lam Analisis Usahatani Sorghum

“…Salah satu komoditas baru yang dikembangkan di Kecamatan Suwawa Timur adalah komoditas sorghum. Sorgum merupakan tanaman serealia yang banyak tumbuh di daerah tropis, terutama di Afrika dan Asia dan di daerah marginal yang pada dasarnya memiliki toleransi pada kesuburan rendah (Nurcholis, et al, 2013)…”