Application of biochar for the removal of pollutants from aqueous solutions

Tan, Xiaofei; Liu, Yunguo; Zeng, Guangming; Wang, Xin; Hu, Xinjiang; Gu, Yanling; Yang, Zhongzhu

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.12.058

Cited by 1,406 publications

(534 citation statements)

References 129 publications

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“…The gradually reduced in the H/C and O/C atomic ratios with the increasing pyrolysis temperature was mainly contributed to the dehydration reactions [39], which could be well described by the Van Krevelen diagram (Figure 1). In addition, the H/C and O/C ratios also indicated that the structural transformations [36] and surface hydrophilicity of biochar [40], the higher extent of carbonization and loss of functional groups containing O and H (such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, et al) at higher temperature resulted in the lower ratios of H/C and O/C, indicating that the surface of biochar was more aromatic and less hydrophilic [41,42]. In addition, the nutrients K, P, Ca, Mg, Fe and Zn were also increased with increasing the pyrolysis temperature (Table 1).…”

Section: Elemental and Nutrients Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Temperature on the Structural and Physicochemical Properties of Biochar with Apple Tree Branches as Feedstock Material

2017

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Abstract:The objective of this study was to study the structure and physicochemical properties of biochar derived from apple tree branches (ATBs), whose valorization is crucial for the sustainable development of the apple industry. ATBs were collected from apple orchards located on the Weibei upland of the Loess Plateau and pyrolyzed at 300, 400, 500 and 600 • C (BC300, BC400, BC500 and BC600), respectively. Different analytical techniques were used for the characterization of the different biochars. In particular, proximate and element analyses were performed. Furthermore, the morphological, and textural properties were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Boehm titration and nitrogen manometry. In addition, the thermal stability of biochars was also studied by thermogravimetric analysis. The results indicated that the increasing temperature increased the content of fixed carbon (C), the C content and inorganic minerals (K, P, Fe, Zn, Ca, Mg), while the yield, the content of volatile matter (VM), O and H, cation exchange capacity, and the ratios of O/C and H/C decreased. Comparison between the different samples show that highest pH and ash content were observed in BC500. The number of acidic functional groups decreased as a function of pyrolysis temperature, especially for the carboxylic functional groups. In contrast, a reverse trend was found for the basic functional groups. At a higher temperature, the brunauer-emmett-teller (BET) surface area and pore volume are higher mostly due to the increase of the micropore surface area and micropore volume. In addition, the thermal stability of biochars also increased with the increasing temperature. Hence, pyrolysis temperature has a strong effect on biochar properties, and therefore biochars can be produced by changing pyrolysis temperature in order to better meet their applications.

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Section: Elemental and Nutrients Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Temperature on the Structural and Physicochemical Properties of Biochar with Apple Tree Branches as Feedstock Material

2017

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“…Analysis of the literature shows that lignified materials like wheat straw and water hyacinth produce biochar that has lower ash content and higher surface area than from sewage sludge Tan et al, 2015). Differences in chemical composition of fecal wastes, as affected by diets (Mihelcic et al, 2011) and management, could influence characteristics of biochar produced from sewage sludge and latrine fecal wastes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar Types from Latrine Waste and Sewage Sludge Differ in Physico-Chemical Properties and Cadmium Adsorption

Koetlisi¹,

Muchaonyerwa²

2017

American Journal of Applied Sciences

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Pyrolysis of latrine fecal waste could produce valuable products for minimizing environmental contamination with heavy metals. The objective of this study was to determine yields, characteristics and cadmium (Cd) sorption of biochar from latrine fecal waste and sewage sludge, as affected by pyrolysis temperature. Slow pyrolysis at 350, 550 and 650°C, was used to produce the biochar. In addition to proximate and ultimate analysis, surface area, porosity and functional groups were analyzed. A batch sorption study was conducted to determine the cadmium sorption capacity of the biochar. Biochar from latrine waste had higher yield, ash content, surface area and pore volume and lower total and fixed carbon (C) and volatile matter than from sewage sludge. Yield, volatile matter, total C, nitrogen (N) and hydrogen (H) decreased with pyrolysis temperature, while ash content, surface area and porosity increased. Surface functional groups of the biochar also varied with feedstock and pyrolysis temperature. The Cd sorption capacities were higher for biochar from latrine waste than from sewage sludge. The findings indicated that characteristics of biochar from latrine waste differ from that of sewage sludge origin and has greater potential as an adsorbent for removal of Cd from wastewater.

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“…It is the case of a number of mechanisms between the surface of biochar and the adsorbed substance; the mechanisms are electrostatic attraction, chemical bond, intercalation, hydrogen bonds, π-π interaction, pore fixation, hydrophobic interaction, etc. [1].…”

Section: Adsorption Ability Of Biocharmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The base material for biochar preparation is biomass from various sources [1], e.g., beef and pig manure, straw, husk of rice and peanuts, maize, soya, wood waste, sludge from sewage treatment plants, etc. After the biomass fermentation process that is to produce a biogas, a residue, so-called digestate, containing mostly a solid (separate) and liquid (fugate) parts, remains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar – Ecological Product and Its Application in Environmental Protection

Gembalová¹,

Klouda²,

Rusín³

et al. 2017

dtetr

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Biochar is a product of the pyrolysis of waste from the process of biomass fermentation. It is the case of a porous carbonaceous material with a compact hydrophobic core of predominantly aromatic structure, sheathed with a shell exhibiting hydrophilic and chemically active properties (surface groups: -OH, C=O, -COOH). One of properties usable in environmental protection is its adsorption ability toward heavy metals and organic pollutants (pesticides, PAHs, pharmaceutical products, industrial wastes). The contribution contains the description of preparation, surface analysis (SEM), identification of functional groups (FTIR) and proposal for possible surface modifications (sonification, oxidation, reduction, hydrothermal pyrolysis with graphene oxide, etc.) with a view to increase the sorption ability of biochar.

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Application of biochar for the removal of pollutants from aqueous solutions

Cited by 1,406 publications

References 129 publications

Effect of Temperature on the Structural and Physicochemical Properties of Biochar with Apple Tree Branches as Feedstock Material

Effect of Temperature on the Structural and Physicochemical Properties of Biochar with Apple Tree Branches as Feedstock Material

Biochar Types from Latrine Waste and Sewage Sludge Differ in Physico-Chemical Properties and Cadmium Adsorption

Biochar – Ecological Product and Its Application in Environmental Protection

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