Application of bacterial cellulose experimental dressings saturated with gentamycin for management of bone biofilm in vitro and ex vivo

Abstract

Bacterial cellulose is one of the most promising polymers of recent years. Herein, we present a possibility of BC application as a carrier of gentamycin antibiotic for the treatment and prevention of bone infections. We have shown that BC saturated with gentamycin significantly reduces the level of biofilm‐forming bone pathogens, namely Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and displays very low cytotoxicity in vitro against osteoblast cell cultures. Another beneficial feature of our prototype dressing is prolonged release of gentamycin, which provides efficient protection from microbial contamination and subsequent infection. Moreover, it seems that bacterial cellulose (BC) alone without any antimicrobial added, may serve as a barrier by significantly hampering the ability of the pathogen to penetrate to the bone structure. Therefore, a gentamycin‐saturated BC dressing may be considered as a possible alternative for gentamycin collagen sponge broadly used in clinical setting. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 108B:30–37, 2020.

Potential of Novel Bacterial Cellulose Dressings Chemisorbed with Antiseptics for the Treatment of Oral Biofilm Infections

“…Moreover, BC dressings saturated with colorless PO and P antiseptics displayed a high transparency, which may be of benefit for clinical applications for various treatment procedures performed within the oral cavity. We also suggest that in a patient's oral cavity, BC dressings may efficiently absorb blood, exudate, and sequestrate microorganisms as we have shown in previous experiments [49]. In another work of ours, we confirmed the high biocompatibility of a BC dressing toward a fibroblast cell line [50].…”

In Vitro Efficacy of Bacterial Cellulose Dressings Chemisorbed with Antiseptics against Biofilm Formed by Pathogens Isolated from Chronic Wounds

“…In a subsequent analysis, we have chemisorbed BC with the aforementioned antiseptics ( Figure 11 ). This approach, based on the functionalization of BC and improvement of its applicability concerning the fight against microbial biofilm, has been consistently developed by our team and has been presented in our earlier research [ 142 , 150 , 194 , 195 ]. Nevertheless, it is for the first time that we have tested such a high number of species and strains to get, besides other data, an idea concerning inter- and intraspecies variability in the tolerance against antimicrobials released from BC.…”

“… Examples of compounds/substances/molecules introduced to bacterial cellulose (BC) as an antimicrobial additive. MgO—magnesium oxide; CuO—copper oxide; TiO 2 —titanium dioxide; ZnO—zinc oxide; Na-MMT—sodium montmorillonite; Ca-MMT—calcium montmorillonite; Cu-MMT—copper montmorillonite [ 92 , 99 , 100 , 113 , 114 , 115 , 116 , 117 , 118 , 119 , 120 , 121 , 122 , 123 , 124 , 125 , 126 , 127 , 128 , 129 , 130 , 131 , 132 , 133 , 134 , 135 , 136 , 137 , 138 , 139 , 140 , 141 , 142 , 143 , 144 , 145 , 146 , 147 , 148 , 149 , 150 , 151 , 152 , 153 , 154 , 155 , 156 , 157 , 158 , 159 , 160 , 161 , …”

In Vitro Evaluation of Polihexanide, Octenidine and NaClO/HClO-Based Antiseptics against Biofilm Formed by Wound Pathogens

“…The technique was performed as presented in our earlier work [ 24 ]. Briefly: to evaluate the impact of P, O and M solutions on microbial growth, 100 μL of Mueller-Hinton (BioCorp, Warsaw, Poland) broth in case of bacteria and RPMI with 2% glucose in case of C. albicans was placed into the wells of 96-well test plates (Gibco, Carlsbad, CA, USA).…”

“…This technique was performed as presented in our previous paper [ 24 ]. Briefly: a total of 100 μL of microbial suspensions at a density of 1 × 10 5 CFU/mL was transferred into the wells of 96-well test plates and left for 24 h at 37 °C.…”