Application of Atomic Force Microscopy to Detect Early Osteoarthritis

Danalache, Marina; Tiwari, Aadhya; Sigwart, Viktor; Hofmann, Ulf Krister

doi:10.3791/61041

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The risk factors include old age, obesity, and type 2 diabetes mellitus, previous damage, or mechanical overload to the joint [ 7 ]. Hyaline cartilage undergoes degenerative-dystrophic changes with subsequent involvement of the subchondral bone [ 8 , 9 ]. Moreover, chronic synovitis, sclerosis of the joint capsule, meniscal degeneration, and articular and muscular atrophy are also observed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Osteoarthritis appears as a result of changes in elasticity of cells and tissues; hence, it is crucial to consider aspects such as the mechanical properties and the submicron surface morphology of hyaline cartilage. Lately, atomic force microscopy was recognized as a powerful tool to assess the properties of articular cartilage [ 9 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ]. Therefore, the purpose of this study was twofold.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanomechanical Properties of Articular Cartilage Due to the PRP Injection in Experimental Osteoarthritis in Rabbits

et al. 2020

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The purpose of this study was twofold. Firstly, we proposed a measurement protocol for the atomic force microscopy (AFM) method to determine the nanomechanical properties of articular cartilage in experimental osteoarthritis in rabbits. Then, we verified if mechanical properties can be evaluated with AFM shortly after platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection. We hypothesized that the modulus determined by AFM indentation experiments could be utilized as a progressive disease marker during the treatment of osteoarthritis. The rabbits were equally divided into three groups of six: control (group 1); injections of saline (0.5 mL) and 10% surgical talc (Talcum Pharmaceutical®, Minsk, Belarus) were delivered into the right knee under the patella (group 2 and 3); and PRP was injected into the right knee (group 3). In group 2, the arithmetic average of absolute values (Ra) change was a 25% increase; the maximum peak height (Rp) increased by over 102%, while the mean spacing between local peaks (S) increased by 28% (p < 0.05). In group 3, Ra increased by 14% and Rp increased by 32%, while S decreased by 75% (p < 0.05). The Young’s modulus of the surface layers decreased by 18% as a result of induced model of osteoarthritis (IMO) (p < 0.05), and it increased by 9% (p < 0.05) as a result of PRP therapy, which means that the mechanical properties of cartilage were partially recovered. This research demonstrates that Young’s modulus utilized on a nanometer scale has potential to be a progressive disease marker during the treatment of osteoarthritis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomechanical Properties of Articular Cartilage Due to the PRP Injection in Experimental Osteoarthritis in Rabbits

et al. 2020

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“…In addition, very-high-resolution scanning probe methodologies, i.e. atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy or transmission electron microscopy, could provide further insights into cartilage structure, composition, and biomechanical properties for reference purposes to complement quantitative MRI measurements 58 . Third, despite histological quality checks, the tissue source of total joint replacements is a potential confounder.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A serial multiparametric quantitative magnetic resonance imaging study to assess proteoglycan depletion of human articular cartilage and its effects on functionality

Hafner

Schock

Post

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Water, collagen, and proteoglycans determine articular cartilage functionality. If altered, susceptibility to premature degeneration is increased. This study investigated the effects of enzymatic proteoglycan depletion on cartilage functionality as assessed by advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) techniques under standardized loading. Lateral femoral condylar cartilage-bone samples from patients undergoing knee replacement (n = 29) were serially imaged by Proton Density-weighted and T1, T1ρ, T2, and T2* mapping sequences on a clinical 3.0 T MRI scanner (Achieva, Philips). Using pressure-controlled indentation loading, samples were imaged unloaded and quasi-statically loaded to 15.1 N and 28.6 N, and both before and after exposure to low-concentrated (LT, 0.1 mg/mL, n = 10) or high-concentrated trypsin (HT, 1.0 mg/mL, n = 10). Controls were not treated (n = 9). Responses to loading were assessed for the entire sample and regionally, i.e. sub- and peri-pistonally, and zonally, i.e. upper and lower sample halves. Trypsin effects were quantified as relative changes (Δ), analysed using appropriate statistical tests, and referenced histologically. Histological proteoglycan depletion was reflected by significant sub-pistonal decreases in T1 (p = 0.003) and T2 (p = 0.008) after HT exposure. Loading-induced changes in T1ρ and T2* were not related. In conclusion, proteoglycan depletion alters cartilage functionality and may be assessed using serial T1 and T2 mapping under loading.

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“…For microscale indentation, a cantilever with a spherical tip of 5 µm (Model: SAA-SPH-5UM, k = 0.2 N/m, Bruker, Billerica, MA, United States) was used. The calibration of the cantilever was done exactly as previously described by Danalache et al (2020). In brief, the spring constant was calibrated using the thermal noise method in fluid (Ma et al, 2021).…”

Section: Stiffness Assessment Of the Extracellular Matrix And Pericel...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in stiffness of the extracellular and pericellular matrix in the anulus fibrosus of lumbar intervertebral discs over the course of degeneration

Höflsauer

Bonnaire

Bamberger

et al. 2022

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Analogous to articular cartilage, changes in spatial chondrocyte organisation have been proposed to be a strong indicator for local tissue degeneration in the intervertebral disc (IVD). While a progressive structural and functional degradation of the extracellular (ECM) and pericellular (PCM) matrix occurs in osteoarthritic cartilage, these processes have not yet been biomechanically elucidated in the IVD. We aimed to evaluate the local stiffness of the ECM and PCM in the anulus fibrosus of the IVD on the basis of local chondrocyte spatial organisation. Using atomic force microscopy, we measured the Young’s modulus of the local ECM and PCM in human and bovine disc samples using the spatial chondrocyte patterns as an image-based biomarker. By measuring tissue from 31 patients and six bovine samples, we found a significant difference in the elastic moduli (E) of the PCM in clusters when compared to the healthy patterns single cells (p = 0.029), pairs (p = 0.016), and string-formations (p = 0.010). The ECM/PCM ratio ranged from 0.62–0.89. Interestingly, in the bovine IVD, the ECM/PCM ratio of the E significantly varied (p = 0.002) depending on the tissue origin. Overall the reduced E in clusters demonstrates that cluster formation is not only a morphological phenomenon describing disc degeneration, but it marks a compromised biomechanical functioning. Immunohistochemical analyses indicate that collagen type III degradation might be involved. This study is the first to describe and quantify the differences in the E of the ECM in relation to the PCM in the anulus fibrosus of the IVD by means of atomic force microscopy on the basis of spatial chondrocyte organisation.

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Application of Atomic Force Microscopy to Detect Early Osteoarthritis

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Nanomechanical Properties of Articular Cartilage Due to the PRP Injection in Experimental Osteoarthritis in Rabbits

Nanomechanical Properties of Articular Cartilage Due to the PRP Injection in Experimental Osteoarthritis in Rabbits

A serial multiparametric quantitative magnetic resonance imaging study to assess proteoglycan depletion of human articular cartilage and its effects on functionality

Changes in stiffness of the extracellular and pericellular matrix in the anulus fibrosus of lumbar intervertebral discs over the course of degeneration

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