Application of a tunable Fabry-Pérot filtometer to mid-infrared gas sensing

Gasser, Christoph; Genner, Andreas; Moser, Harald; Ofner, Johannes; Lendl, Bernhard

doi:10.1016/j.snb.2016.11.016

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…[ 16 ] Previous studies have also explored the miniaturization of microspectrometers for the near to mid‐infrared wavelength range using micro‐electromechanical systems (MEMS) technologies. These include voltage‐tunable Fabry–Pérot (FP) filters, [ 17,18 ] compact Michelson interferometers, [ 19 ] and tunable plasmonic metamaterials. [ 20 ] These methods have been proven to be effective, but the use of MEMS technologies also requires sophisticated fabrication processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compact Chemical Identifier Based on Plasmonic Metasurface Integrated with Microbolometer Array

Meng

Weston

Balendhran

et al. 2022

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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The identification of chemicals from their mid-infrared spectra has applications that include industrial production of chemicals, food production, pharmaceutical manufacturing, and environmental monitoring. This is generally done using laboratory benchtop tools, such as the Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. Although such systems offer high performance, alternative platforms offering reduced size, weight, and cost can enable a host of new applications, e.g. in consumer personal electronics. Here a compact microspectrometer platform for chemical identification, comprising a mid-infrared metasurface integrated with a lightweight (≈1 g) and very small (≈1 cm 3 ) microbolometer-based thermal camera is experimentally demonstrated. A machine learning algorithm is trained to analyze the microspectrometer output and classify chemicals based on their mid-infrared fingerprints. High accuracy identification of four liquid chemicals, concentration quantification of ethyl lactate in cyclohexane down to subpercentage levels, and the classification of food and drug samples is demonstrated.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compact Chemical Identifier Based on Plasmonic Metasurface Integrated with Microbolometer Array

Meng

Weston

Balendhran

et al. 2022

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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“…27 A micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS)-based mid IR filter using a FP air resonator combined with a pyroelectric detector was first reported in 2003 and is now commercially distributed in several MIR wavelength ranges. 28,29 FP filterdetectors have been successfully paired with miniaturized pulsed MIR emitters were employed for process gas monitoring in transmission gas cells, [30][31][32] for liquid sensing, 33 imaging systems 34 as well as paired with a supercontinuum laser for standoff IR spectroscopy. 32 These reports achieved adequate analytical performance without the high spectral resolution and the full spectral coverage provided by FTIR spectrometers while reducing the costs and size of the respective sensing system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A pocket-sized 3D-printed attenuated total reflection-infrared filtometer combined with functionalized silica films for nitrate sensing in water

Baumgartner

Freitag

Gasser

et al. 2020

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical

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Strong anion-exchange materials carry a positive charge that allows them to trap and concentrate anions while releasing other anions. Here, we introduced an ion exchange group into mesoporous silica films coated on attenuated total reflection (ATR) crystals to enrich nitrate from aqueous phase in the volume probed by the evanescent field. The ion-exchange and enrichment capabilities of the films were characterized using standard FTIR spectroscopy. Thereby fast analyte enrichment and full sensor recovery were observed. In addition, high enrichment factors of up to 1600 were achieved. After characterization, these coated ATR crystals were used in a dedicated ATR-IR filtometer comprising a Fabry-Pérot filter detector unit and a miniaturized thermal emitter with a footprint of only 80 mm × 120 mm × 70 mm. The filter covered the spectral region between 1250 -1800 cm -1 allowing for recording IR spectra of nitrate enriched into the mesoporous silica film. The sensor was calibrated using the Langmuir adsorption model as calibration function. From this, a limit of detection of 1.2 mg L -1 was derived for the ATR-IR filtometer.This emphasizes the high potential of functionalized mesoporous silica films combined with low-cost filtometers for portable water sensors.

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“…In the past different approaches were used for the spectroscopic quantification of hydrocarbons. This includes Vis-NIR-spectroscopy [10], Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) [6] and the application of tunable filtometers [11] in the mid-infrared. The strongest fundamental absorption bands in the infrared for the alkanes are found at 3.3 µm wavelength attributed to CH stretching vibrations and around 6.8 µm wavelength due to bending vibrational modes of the CH bonds [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High resolution quantitative multi-species hydrocarbon gas sensing with a cw external cavity quantum cascade laser based spectrometer in the 6–11 μm range

Heinrich

Popescu

Strzoda

et al. 2019

Journal of Applied Physics

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We report multi-species spectroscopy of hydrocarbons with a continuous wave external-cavity quantum cascade laser (EC-QCL) based spectrometer providing tunability from 6-11 µm to measure direct absorption spectra of the first 7 alkanes and their mixtures. The gas spectra where acquired in the range from 1440-1480 cm -1 at reduced pressure of 50 mbar and at a temperature of 323 K. By linearization of the measured wavelengths with a custom-made highly temperature stable air spaced etalon high spectral accuracy of ±0.001 cm -1 is achieved for the whole spectral range. The simultaneous high resolution of 0.001 cm -1 yields spectra of unprecedented richness of detail for the heavier alkanes (C3 − C5) and allows the discrimination of narrow spectral features for the lighter ones (C1 − C2). Thereby, the measured spectra reveal the influences of collisional broadening effects among the measured species. Quantitative spectroscopic multi-species gas sensing relies on the comprehension of the extent of spectral broadening. Studying the spectral broadening in combination with highly accurate reference spectra is mandatory for highly sensitive and specific multi-species gas analyzers. The quantitative results that can be obtained with our approach are presented for an exemplary calibrated mixture of all 7 components and reveals an absolute accuracy below 0.5 vol% for the determination of the mole fraction of each gas.

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Application of a tunable Fabry-Pérot filtometer to mid-infrared gas sensing

Cited by 17 publications

References 25 publications

Compact Chemical Identifier Based on Plasmonic Metasurface Integrated with Microbolometer Array

Compact Chemical Identifier Based on Plasmonic Metasurface Integrated with Microbolometer Array

A pocket-sized 3D-printed attenuated total reflection-infrared filtometer combined with functionalized silica films for nitrate sensing in water

High resolution quantitative multi-species hydrocarbon gas sensing with a cw external cavity quantum cascade laser based spectrometer in the 6–11 μm range

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