Application of a mathematical model to an intermediate- to long-term real-world steel production planning problem based on standard software

Witt, Andreas; Voß, Stefan

doi:10.1504/ejie.2011.037227

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Herrera et al [57] reported that the degradation was significantly enhanced as the temperature of the degradation media increased, while the use of acid conditions had a moderate influence. Other authors reported that the biodegradation rate decreases with the increasing concentration of terephtalic acid in the polymer [31,109,110]. There is an optimal range (30-55 mol% terephthalic acid), which is related to molecular weight and especially the crystalline content of PBAT [111,112].…”

Section: Degradationmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Biodegradation of PBAT depends on their chemical structure and environmental degrading conditions [30]. In some cases, the biodegradation occurs by the enzymatic action of microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, and algae present in the natural environment [31]. In other cases, biodegradation occurs by a combined depolymerization process where the polymer chain breaks down by nonenzymatic reaction (e.g., chemical hydrolysis, thermal degradation) and metabolization of these intermediates by microorganisms [32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An overview on properties and applications of poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate)–PBAT based composites

Ferreira

Cividanes

Gouveia

et al. 2017

Polymer Engineering & Sci

323

149

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There is growing interest in biodegradable polymers (BP), in particular poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) (PBAT), due to environmental problems associated with the disposal of non‐biodegradable polymers into the environment. However, high production cost and low thermo‐mechanical properties restrict the use of this sustainable material, making its biodegradability advantageous only when it is decisively required. The addition of different compositions of monomers and selective addition of natural fillers have been reported as alternatives to develop more accessible PBAT‐based bioplastics with performance that could match or even exceed that of the most widely used commodity plastics. This review explores the recent progress of the applications and biodegradation of PBAT. The addition of natural fillers and its effect on the final performance of the PBAT‐based composites is also reported with respect to improving the properties of composites. The advance of polymerization reaction engineering combined with sustainable trend offers great opportunities for innovative green chemical manufacturing. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 59:E7–E15, 2019. © 2017 Society of Plastics Engineers

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Section: Degradationmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview on properties and applications of poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate)–PBAT based composites

Ferreira

Cividanes

Gouveia

et al. 2017

Polymer Engineering & Sci

323

149

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…2–6 The incorporation of aliphatic polyesters, one important kind of biodegradable polymer, into the main chain of aromatic polyesters has been regarded as the most promising approach; with it, one could obtain novel aliphatic/aromatic copolyesters with high physical properties and good biodegradability. 1, 7–11 Copolyesters of PET or PBT with aliphatic polyesters, such as PET–poly(butylene succinate), 12 PBT–poly(butylene adipate), 13, 14 PBT–poly(butylene succinate), 2 and PBT–poly(succinic anhydride–ethylene oxide), 7 have been designed and are considered to be environmentally degradable or hydrolyzable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, characterization, and properties of degradable poly(l‐lactic acid)/poly(butylene terephthalate) copolyesters containing 1,4‐cyclohexanedimethanol

Wang

Zhang

Song

et al. 2011

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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High-molecular-weight copolyesters based on poly(butylene terephthalate) as rigid aromatic segments and poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) as degradable aliphatic segments were synthesized via the polycondensation of terephthalic acid, 1,4-butanediol (BDO), 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol (CHDM), and PLLA oligomer. By tailoring the molar ratio of diols (BDO and CHDM), we investigated in detail the effects of the CHDM rigid hexacyclic ring on the synthesis, mechanical properties, thermal stabilities, and degradation behaviors of the copolyesters. With increasing CHDM content, the initial decomposition temperature increased from 282.5 to 322.2 C, and the tensile strength improved by nearly four times, from 5.4 to 19 MPa. When the molar ratio of BDO/CHDM was 95/5, the weight-average molecular weight of the copolyester was 89,400 g/mol with a polydispersity of 1.96. In addition, hydrolytic degradation results in phosphate buffer solution indicate that the degradation rate of the copolyesters displayed a strong dependency on the temperature and CHDM composition.

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“…According to the literature,23–26 the introduction of terephthalic units (TU%) in the structure of polyesters improves their physical properties. The poly(butylene adipate‐ co ‐terephthalate) is one of the copolyesters which has been widely studied and marketed under the name of Ecoflex®.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and characterization of new polyurethane based on polycaprolactone

Maafi

Malek

Tighzert³

2009

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Different polyurethane (PU) were synthesized from e-polycaprolactone diol, 4,4 0 -diphenyl methane diisocyanate (MDI) and bis(2-hydroxyethyl)terephthalate (BHET), using a two-step method and a one-step method providing regular and random distributions of starting monomers in the PU chains. Even with an identical molar monomer composition, the properties of obtained PU are different depending on the method of synthesis. The structure of PU was characterized by 1 H and 13 C-NMR and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The thermomechanical properties of synthesized PU were also studied demonstrating the influence of aromatic ring in the macromolecular chain.

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Application of a mathematical model to an intermediate- to long-term real-world steel production planning problem based on standard software

Cited by 14 publications

References 32 publications

An overview on properties and applications of poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate)–PBAT based composites

An overview on properties and applications of poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate)–PBAT based composites

Synthesis, characterization, and properties of degradable poly(l‐lactic acid)/poly(butylene terephthalate) copolyesters containing 1,4‐cyclohexanedimethanol

Synthesis and characterization of new polyurethane based on polycaprolactone

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