Application of a Handheld Near-Infrared Spectrometer to Predict Gelatinized Starch, Fiber Fractions, and Mineral Content of Ground and Intact Extruded Dry Dog Food

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to investigate the ability of a handheld near-infrared spectrometer to predict total and gelatinized starch, insoluble fibrous fractions, and mineral content in extruded dry dog food. Intact and ground samples were compared to determine if the homogenization could improve the prediction performance of the instrument. Reference analyses were performed on 81 samples for starch and 99 for neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), and minerals, and reflectance infrared spectra (740 to 1070 nm) were recorded with a SCiO™ near-infrared (NIR) spectrometer. Prediction models were developed using modified partial least squares regression and both internal (leave-one-out cross-validation) and external validation. The best prediction models in cross-validation using ground samples were obtained for gelatinized starch (residual predictive deviation, RPD = 2.54) and total starch (RPD = 2.33), and S (RPD = 1.92), while the best using intact samples were obtained for gelatinized starch (RPD = 2.45), total starch (RPD = 2.08), and K (RPD = 1.98). Through external validation, the best statistics were obtained for gelatinized starch, with an RPD of 2.55 and 2.03 in ground and intact samples, respectively. Overall, there was no difference in prediction models accuracy using ground or intact samples. In conclusion, the miniaturized NIR instrument offers the potential for screening purposes only for total and gelatinized starch, S, and K, whereas the results do not support its applicability for the other traits.

Estimation of major nutrients in dry dog foods and their compliance with nutritional guidelines

“…The average was 1.02 g per 100 g DM with the range 0.38-1.53 g per 100 g DM. Our results were lower than in Goi et al [2020b] results, where the average level of ADL was 1.85 g per 100 g DM, with the range 0.43-4.58 g per 100 g DM.…”

“…The results obtained in this study were higher than those reported by de-Oliveira et al [2012] who report the NDF range in dog feed 6.5-11.7 g per 100 g DM. On the other hand, Goi et al [2020b] obtained results in the study of extruded dog food similar to the presented study (mean 16% NDF).…”

Análisis nutricional de tres alimentos balanceados para cachorros fabricados y comercializados en Ecuador

“…Los valores de almidón no presentaron diferencia significativa entre laboratorios, pero se aprecia una diferencia importante (p=1.28E -09 ) entre alimentos (32.3, 37.73 y 26.37% para A1, A2 y A3, respectivamente). Los niveles de inclusión del almidón son manipulados por los fabricantes de alimentos balanceados extruidos para expandir las croquetas a fin de obtener una textura más apropiada (Goi et al, 2020). No obstante, el almidón en exceso puede provocar intolerancia alimentaria, produciendo atrofia de las vellosidades intestinales, lo que induce a presentación de diarrea causada por una mala absorción (Grandjean y Butterwick, 2009).…”

Development of Calibration Models to Predict Mean Fibre Diameter in Llama (Lama glama) Fleeces with Near Infrared Spectroscopy

“…The remaining 42 samples were used for external validation of the prediction models [41]. Samples were selected according to Mahalanobis distance H [42]. Additionally, cross-validation was used to test the accuracy of the calibration in each step.…”