Application of a Disposable Screen-Printed Electrode to Depression Diagnosis for Laboratory Rats Based on Blood Serotonin Detection

Abstract

No exact and digital diagnostic methods for depression have been found. In this study, we prepared a 5-HT biosensor based on screen-printed electrode and applied it to a rat depression model caused by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). During CUMS, the blood 5-HT and the depression behavior of the depressed rats and the rats treated by antidepressants were recorded. The correlation coefficient of 5-HT was 0.9966 (0 -4 × 10 -6 M) on the sensor. Results demonstrated that 5-HT level of the depressed rats declined while the depression behavior was aggravated. Fluoxetine (20 mg/kg) and lentinan (10, 20 mg/kg) mildly elevated 5-HT level and slowly regulated the behavior. Mifepristone (20 mg/kg) and Rhizoma Coptidis water extract (10, 20, 100 mg/kg) quickly reversed 5-HT level and the depression behavior. This sensor can accurately test blood 5-HT and might be applied to rapid diagnosis for depression and evaluation of antidepressants effect.

Perturbation of mitiglinide metabolism by chronic unpredicted mild stress in rats

“…Chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS), a well-validated animal model, has been used widely for depression research as well as antidepressant evaluation for many years27. In CUMS-induced depression rats, the depressive state is similar with change of psychomotor and loss of interest or pleasure in the clinical diagnosis of depression282930. Our results verified the significant 5-HT and psychomotor decrease after depression model establishment in CUMS-induced depression group.…”

Enhancement of Neural Stem Cells after Induction of Depression in Male Albino Rats (A histological & Immunohistochemical Study)

“…Following such exposure, animals exhibit a persistent reduction in responsiveness to pleasurable stimuli, measured by a decrease in their consumption of 1% sucrose solution. Decrease in sucrose consumption has been advocated as a reliable behavioral measure that is associated with anhedonia (loss of appetite) of depression ( 1 , 6 ).…”

“…The Sucrose Preference (SP) was calculated according to the following equation: SP=sucrose intake/ (sucrose intake+water intake)×100=X%. Anhedonia was considered when SP was decreased ( 1 , 6 ).…”

Recent developments, characteristics and potential applications of screen-printed electrodes in pharmaceutical and biological analysis

“…Moreover, the recent possibility of designing SPEs, including microelectrodes and chemically modified electrodes, has increased industrial and clinical interest [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. SPEs combine ease of use and portability with simple and inexpensive analytical methods.…”