“…In light of this concern, the remediation of preservative treated waste wood by chemical extraction with either mineral and organic acids, chelating agents, or bioremediation using fungi and bacteria has been studied in recent years to decontaminate such waste wood before management options such as incineration and landfilling to decrease environmental concerns stated above (Kim and Kim, 1993;Stephan et al, 1993;Kamdem et al, 1998;Clausen and Smith, 1998;Kazi and Cooper 1999;Kartal, 2003;Kartal and K€ ose, 2003;Kartal and Imamura, 2003;Kim et al, 2004;SierraAlvarez, 2009;Janin et al, 2011;Coudert et al, 2013;Hse et al, 2013;Kartal et al, 2014;Pankras et al, 2014). Thus, chemical or bioremediation can be possible alternative processes to remove and reuse metals from wood, and create decontaminated wood.…”