Application considerations for high resistance ground retrofits in pulp and paper mills

Beltz, Roy C.; Peacock, I.; Vilcheck, W.

doi:10.1109/papcon.2000.854186

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Although the ungrounded power systems are not connected intentionally to the ground, a capacitive coupling between the phase conductors and ground exists [7] [17]. The ungrounded power system allows continuity of supply to the healthy phases with the single-phase fault [18] and is relatively safe for the personnel with a ground fault [13], as the fault current is typically low (around 1 A).…”

Section: A Power System Groundingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of network topologies and protection principles in marine and offshore applications

Ciontea

Bak

Blaabjerg

et al. 2015

2015 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference (AUPEC)

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An electric fault that is not cleared is harmful in land applications, but in marine and offshore sector it can have catastrophic consequences. If the protection system fails to operate properly, the following situation may occur: blackouts, fire, loss of propulsion, delays in transportation, collision with the cliff, reef or other ships and electrical shocks to humans. In order to cope with the unwanted effects of a fault, several protection strategies are applied, but complexity of the marine and offshore applications is continuously increasing, so protection needs to overcome more and more challenges. As result, development of new protection techniques that can offer improved functionalities compared to the actual solutions for marine and offshore applications is needed. This paper reviews the network topologies in such applications and presents the requirements of a system able to protect them. Also, a brief overview of the protection principles for a generic power system is presented.

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Section: A Power System Groundingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of network topologies and protection principles in marine and offshore applications

Ciontea

Bak

Blaabjerg

et al. 2015

2015 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference (AUPEC)

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“…The selected design was applied to 11 new unit substations installed at the plant site; two medium-voltage unit substations (10MVA and 5MVA with a secondary voltage of 4160V) and nine low-voltage substations (all at 2000kVA with a secondary voltage of 480Y/277V. Both medium-voltage and low-voltage substations were installed with high resistance grounding systems, application described in [12] and [13], which eliminated the possibility of a phase to ground fault, further enhancing system safety and reliability. A typical low-voltage substation one-line diagram is shown in Fig.…”

Section: The Next Generation Of Unit Substation Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Considerations in unit substation design to optimize reliability and electrical workplace safety

Durocher

2010

2010 IEEE-IAS/PCA 52nd Cement Industry Technical Conference

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Many legacy low and medium-voltage unit substations installed today are based upon older designs that took advantage of reduced first cost "opportunities" allowed by existing installation codes and standards. Fast-forward to how these substation designs fair in safety and reliability today, particularly in industrial process applications found in cement, pulp and paper, petroleum & chemical and others, some of the exercised "opportunities" applied in the past begin to look more like liabilities than assets. Legacy engineering decisions once thought to be prudent take on new meanings today, particularly when these decisions are viewed through the lens of emerging new workplace safety standards. The critical issue of addressing destructive arc-flash hazards associated with persons working on or around energized electrical equipment must now be considered.Because traditional substation designs often appeared to involve some compromise regarding both safety and reliability, a design team of a major process industry user took a fresh look at unit substation design. The design review took place in conjunction with construction of a Greenfield plant built in the spring of 2009 in the USA. This paper will review the design limitations of traditional unit substation configurations, offer an overview of the alternatives considered by the Greenfield site project team, and discuss technical and safety validation of the design that was ultimately selected and installed. Economic comparisons to traditional designs, changes in the owner operating and safety procedures for plant personnel as a result of the engineering design changes, and overall design acceptance by operations will also be reviewed in this paper.

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“…Power System installations and equipment need grounding systems [1][2][3][4][5]. Generally, grounding systems consist of grids integrated with rods at each corner.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is essential to have an accurate design procedure for the grounding system. Grounding provides an increase in the reliability of the electricity supply service as it enhances stability of voltage conditions, preventing excessive voltage peaks during disturbances, and a means of providing a measure of protection against lightning [1][2][3]. It is required that the voltage rise during a fault be kept to low levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over time, corrosive soils with high moisture content, high salt content, and high temperatures can degrade ground rods and their connections. Although the ground system when initially installed, had low earth ground resistance values, the resistance of the grounding system can increase if the ground rods are eaten away [2,3]. Grounding testers, are indispensable troubleshooting tools to help one maintain uptime.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of an improved earthing method for power and distribution transformers substations

Adesina¹,

Akinbulire

2018

Nig. J. Tech.

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Engineers and planners have realized that equipment grounding is a necessary part of installation process in Electrical power substations. Over years, grounding or earthing has been carried out primarily through preparation of Earth Mat which is interconnected with several Earth-rods buried around the equipment under consideration. This approach takes several efforts to have an acceptable and reliable result. However, this paper presents a more flexible, economical and results oriented approach. A flow chart which describes the procedures of carrying out the proposed method of earthing is developed. This was applied to two case studies: a proposed Power transformer substation and distribution Transformer substation located within the same geographical domain. On the two cases, the measured earth resistances are presented and discussed. The results from the case study indicates that the earth resistance values obtained from this new approach are reliable and in compliance with IEEE Standards 80,142, 81 and 1100.

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Application considerations for high resistance ground retrofits in pulp and paper mills

Cited by 16 publications

References 3 publications

Review of network topologies and protection principles in marine and offshore applications

Review of network topologies and protection principles in marine and offshore applications

Considerations in unit substation design to optimize reliability and electrical workplace safety

Development of an improved earthing method for power and distribution transformers substations

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