Application and influence factors of capacitive deionization method for removing inorganic contaminated ions

Water defluoridation using Al/Fe/Ti ternary metal oxide-loaded activated carbon by capacitive deionization

“…The cell is discharged to regenerate the electrodes by either shorting them or reversing the cell polarity, releasing the stored ions into a brine stream and recovering the stored energy. [12][13][14] Although there are several parameters influencing CDI performance, such as device design (plate size, plate spacing and operation mode), operational factors (applied voltage, flow rate) and environmental factors (including concentration of ions in the solution, target ion properties, temperature of the solution and pH value of the solution), 15,16 the electrode material is the main controlling factor of CDI performance. 17,18 Conventional carbon electrode materials, such as activated carbon (AC), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), carbon fibers, carbon aerogels, and graphene, have recently received considerable interest for CDI applications.…”