This book on Quality Control and Assurance showcases the evolution of quality concepts, techniques and tools that are implemented by manufacturing companies and service providers.The term quality stems from the Latin qualitas, which was introduced by Marcus Tullius Cicero, who created a Latin philosophical vocabulary, combining the Platonic method and the Roman philosophy. His influence to Latin and European languages is truly immense. Cicero was inspired by Plato's Academy, and it is indeed Plato and Aristotle who use the term poiotes originating from poios.Aristotle, in his work Categories, discusses various forms of qualities. It is worth noting at this point that quality was defined by philosophers as an attribute, or characteristic of an object, so as to distinguish between certain levels and kinds of associated (given) or observed qualities.Scientific findings show that Ancient Greeks did utilize qualitative control and non-destructive testing (NDT) so as to pursue good quality. This included-but was not limited to-the manufacture of bronze fittings (concerning the erection of columns, such as the Philonian Stoa), to quality control of gold and silver coins.The term quality begins to evolve in the science that is known today, when Walter Shewhart developed-in 1924-the notorious control chart. W. E. Deming, J. Juran and A. Feigenbaum, among others, further elaborated on the work of W. Shewhart and set the foundations of total quality management (TQM).Japan is regarded as the forerunner to establishing the framework of company-wide quality control, so as to increase its market share in the West. Scholars and business insiders alike acknowledge its influence. In order to counterbalance its momentum, the British Standard BS 5750 was developed, aiming at improving quality practices in an increasingly antagonistic environment. The advent of the International Standards Organization (ISO) 9000 became the internationally recognized quality management system standard. So much so that Chrysler, Ford and General Motors-although possessing their own quality manuals-oriented their efforts in accordance to the ISO 9000 series of standards, which formed the ISO/TS 16949 series of quality standards.The Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award (MBNQA) is only a handful of awards that promotes company excellence and successful performance. It goes without saying that the word excellence was soon adopted by enterprises and state legal entities, such as the European Foundation for Quality Management (EFQM) and the British Quality Foundation (BQF), to enhance qualitative practices. As such, it can be said that quality forms a holistic model that finds widespread application. This book comprises nine chapters that cover a diverse area and is split in two sections.