Application and Evaluation of Load Management Systems in Urban Low-Voltage Grid Planning

Abstract

Not all urban low-voltage grids will be able to integrate new loads such as charging infrastructure for electric mobility or electrical heat pumps into existing structures without further measures. Therefore, this article analyzes to what extent load management is more cost-effective than conventional grid expansion. Methodically, the different load types are first apportioned from country to grid-level on the basis of different parameters. Subsequently, both conventional grid planning as a reference variant and innovative grid planning with different variants of load management are carried out. As a result, it can be summarized that the future success of load management is strongly dependent on its costs and whether the necessary information and communication technology is already deployed in the grids. Regardless of the costs, there is also considerable potential for savings in conventional grid expansions.

Development of Planning and Operation Guidelines for Strategic Grid Planning of Urban Low-Voltage Grids with a New Supply Task

“…According to the apportionment methodology in [17], the values of the scenarios for Germany are apportioned to city level using various factors and weightings. To apportion the number of EVs to the LV level, commercial market and geodata from [33,34] are used.…”

“…The methods apply data available at street level regarding the building and income structures. A more detailed description of the apportionment methodology can be found in [17].…”

“…A further distribution to the LV grids uses market and geodata from [33]. A more detailed description of the apportionment methodology can be found in [17].…”

“…Due to the diverse power values for charging points (CPs), there are different ways to calculate SFs. Therefore, four different calculations (C1 to C4) with Equations ( 1)-( 4) are presented below [17].…”

“…In addition to this fundamental observation, the RDT must be considered for another reason. According to [17,38,48], this is recommended when the OP-PG also becomes relevant in suburban grids.…”