Application and Development of 3,4-Bis(3-nitrofurazan-4-yl)furoxan (DNTF)

Li, Y.; Jun, Yuan; Zhao, Wei; Qu, Yaping; Xing, Xiaoling; Meng, Jingwei; Liu, Y. C.

doi:10.1134/s1070363221030142

Cited by 26 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…34 The presence of a large π-bondlike benzene ring equips the structure with excellent stability. 35,36 Among the four isomers of oxadiazole, 1,2,5oxadiazole, also called furazan, is further derived because of its highest enthalpy of formation (215 kJ/mol) and comprehensive excellent performance. 37−40 Therefore, 3-aminofurazan-4carboxylic acid (AFCA), as one of the oxadiazole derivatives in which the presence of the furazan ring provides energy and ligand sites, is suitable as a ligand for constructing energetic metal complexes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oxadiazole is a five-membered planar nitrogen heterocyclic structure that contains two nitrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. , The existence of oxygen atoms can improve the intramolecular oxygen balance. , The abundance of CN, N–O bonds indicates a high enthalpy of formation, which is the source of high energy . The presence of a large π-bond-like benzene ring equips the structure with excellent stability. , Among the four isomers of oxadiazole, 1,2,5-oxadiazole, also called furazan, is further derived because of its highest enthalpy of formation (215 kJ/mol) and comprehensive excellent performance. − Therefore, 3-aminofurazan-4-carboxylic acid (AFCA), as one of the oxadiazole derivatives in which the presence of the furazan ring provides energy and ligand sites, is suitable as a ligand for constructing energetic metal complexes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combination of 3-Aminofurazan-4-carboxylic Acid and Transition Metals to Prepare Functional Energetic Catalysts for Catalyzing the Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate

Huang

Jing

Hao

et al. 2022

Crystal Growth & Design

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To improve the combustion performance of ammonium perchlorate (AP), more high-performance combustion catalysts need to be developed. In this paper, five new types of energetic coordination complexes were prepared by combining 3aminofurazan-4-carboxylic acid (AFCA) with transition metals (Co, Ni, Fe, Cu, and Mn). The structures were determined by singlecrystal X-ray diffraction. Differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis were performed to characterize the thermal stability of the complexes. The five complexes exhibit superior energy properties to traditional explosive TNT. The thermal stability of the complexes was improved to a certain extent after binding to the metal. Catalytic experiments were performed by adding 10 wt % complexes to AP with differential thermal analysis instruments. Results indicate that the best catalyst is manganese as the metal center, which decreases the high-temperature decomposition (HTD) peak of AP by 133.3 °C and the activation energy (E) of AP by 102.2 kJ/mol and increases the mixture heat release by more than four times. Thermogravimetric analysis-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was applied to monitor the process of catalyzing AP, which indicates that the HTD of AP was advanced substantially. The combustion experimental results show that AP with complex 4 and complex 5 can burn vigorously. Overall, the furazan-based complex catalysts we synthesized have a good catalytic potential for solid propellant.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combination of 3-Aminofurazan-4-carboxylic Acid and Transition Metals to Prepare Functional Energetic Catalysts for Catalyzing the Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate

Huang

Jing

Hao

et al. 2022

Crystal Growth & Design

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“…Therefore, it is a persistent goal in the field of energetic materials to find a melt-cast explosive carrier with excellent comprehensive properties to replace TNT [8][9][10][11]. 3,4-Bis(3-nitrofurazan-4-yl)furoxan (DNTF) has the advantages of high density (1.937 g/cm 3 ) and high detonation velocity (9250 m/s) [12][13][14][15][16][17], which is the highest of the current melt-cast explosive carriers in terms of detonation performance, but suffers from high sensitivity (impact sensitivity of 96 %) and high melting point (107 °C-110 °C) [18][19], handicapping its application in melt-cast explosives.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Performance and Insensitive DNTF‐DFTNAN Eutectic: Binary Phase Diagram and Characterization

xiao

Qian

Zheng

et al. 2022

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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In order to hunt for a high-energy and insensitive eutectic, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) method was used to investigate the melting process of DNTF-DFTNAN co-molten mixtures with different compositions. Based on the experimental T-x phase diagram, the experimentally extrapolated molar ratio of DNTF-DFTNAN eutectic mixture is 30.1/69.9, which is consistent with the result from the H-x phase diagram, and the eutectic point is about 335.5 K, showing that the addition of DFTNAN can effectively reduce the melting temperature of DNTF. The FT-IR and XRD measurements of raw DNTF, raw DFTNAN and the DNTF-DFTNAN eutectic indicate that no chemical reaction occurred and the structure of crystal doesn't change during the preparation of the eutectic. The thermal decomposition temperatures at different heating rates and the apparent activation energy of eutectic are basically between DNTF and DFTNAN. The drop height (H 50 ) for the DNTF-DFTNAN eutectic increases by 27.4 cm (85.1%) compared with that of DNTF, and the detonation velocity decreases only by 0.5 km/s (5.5 %), implying that the DFTNAN can efficiently desensitize the DNTF explosive with a slight energy loss. In addition, the polynomial equations of mechanical sensitivity and detonation velocity with DNTF content were fitted to adjust the detonation performance and sensitivity of DNTF-DFTNAN co-molten mixture, which provides an opportunity to design DNTF-DFTNAN expected melt-cast explosives.

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“…Due to its inherent density, positive enthalpy of formation, thermal stability, and the presence of an active oxygen atom, the 1,2,5-oxadiazole (furazan) ring is an attractive building block for the development of new energetic compounds [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]. Significant progress has been achieved in the development of furazan-based salts, some types of which are depicted in Figure 1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energetic [1,2,5]oxadiazolo [2,3-a]pyrimidin-8-ium Perchlorates: Synthesis and Characterization

et al. 2022

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A convenient method to access the above perchlorates has been developed, based on the cyclocondensation of 3-aminofurazans with 1,3-diketones in the presence of HClO4. All compounds were fully characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystal structure determinations. Initial safety testing (impact and friction sensitivity) and thermal stability measurements (DSC/DTA) were also carried out. Energetic performance was calculated by using the PILEM code based on calculated enthalpies of formation and experimental densities at r.t. These salts exhibit excellent burn rates and combustion behavior and are promising ingredients for energetic materials.

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Application and Development of 3,4-Bis(3-nitrofurazan-4-yl)furoxan (DNTF)

Cited by 26 publications

References 44 publications

Combination of 3-Aminofurazan-4-carboxylic Acid and Transition Metals to Prepare Functional Energetic Catalysts for Catalyzing the Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate

Combination of 3-Aminofurazan-4-carboxylic Acid and Transition Metals to Prepare Functional Energetic Catalysts for Catalyzing the Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate

High‐Performance and Insensitive DNTF‐DFTNAN Eutectic: Binary Phase Diagram and Characterization

Energetic [1,2,5]oxadiazolo [2,3-a]pyrimidin-8-ium Perchlorates: Synthesis and Characterization

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