π-Stacking is common in materials, but different π−π stacking modes remarkably affect the properties and performances of materials. In particular, weak interactions, π-stacking and hydrogen bonding, often have a great impact on the stability and sensitivity of high-energetic compounds. Therefore, several of energetic materials based on 1,1′-dihydroxyazotetrazole (1) with a nearly flat structure, such as the salts of aminoguanidine (2), 1,3diaminoguanidine (3), imidazole (4), pyrazole ( 5) and triaminoguanidine (6), and a cocrystal of 2-methylimidazole (7), were designed and synthesized. Based on single-crystal diffraction data, thermal decomposition behaviors, and the mechanical sensitivity test, the compounds of 4, 5, and 7 with face-toface π−π stacking display outstanding thermal stability and insensitivity.
Two energetic MOFs based on the combination of furazan and tetrazole, exhibit enhanced energetic properties and reduced sensitivity, due to outstanding oxygen balance and the presence of hydrogen bonds.
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