Application and comparison of different statistical methods for the analysis of groundwater levels over time: Response to rainfall and resource evolution in the Piedmont Plain (NW Italy)

Mancini, Susanna; Egidio, Elena; Luca, Domenico Antonio De; Lasagna, Manuela

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157479

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The selected monitoring wells correspond to those with a completeness of at least 80% for EC (% half-yearly chemical data available for the overall period). A total of 34 monitoring points with a completeness between 70 and 80% were added in relation to the characterisation of the groundwater level already performed in a previous study [56]. The average completeness values were 94% for EC, SO 4 , NO 3 , Cl and pH and 61% for Na, HCO 3 , Ca and Mg.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Groundwater Chemical Trends Analyses in the Piedmont Po Plain (NW Italy): Comparison with Groundwater Level Variations (2000–2020)

Cocca,

Lasagna,

De Luca

2024

Water

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The concentrations of chemicals in the groundwater chemical values in the Piedmont Po Plain (NW Italy) show significant temporal variability and need to be characterised due to the lack of regional-scale assessments. The aim of this study was to analyse the trends (period 2000–2020) in the main physicochemical parameters and main ions in 227 wells in the shallow aquifer and to identify the potential causes. The identification of change points (points of sudden change) and comparisons with groundwater level variations were also performed. Results highlight general increasing trends for Na, Cl and HCO3, decreasing trends for SO4 and NO3, stationary conditions for pH and heterogeneous behaviours for electrolytic conductivity, Ca and Mg. Change points occurred in at least 50% of the monitoring wells, mainly during the 2008–2011 period. The comparison between groundwater levels and chemistry highlights a direct proportionality. Superimposed processes that induce an absence of proportionality are shown. The comparison of results with those of previous studies conducted under similar conditions revealed similar variations.. In conclusion, the potential responsible factors (e.g., road-salt dissolution and agricultural practices) and the relevant role of groundwater level variation were identified.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The groundwater quality in the Piedmont Po Plain (NW Italy) shows a relevant temporal variability that is necessary to characterise due to the lack of a regional-scale assessment. Several studies have been conducted only at the local scale [55][56][57][58][59][60], and even fewer have been conducted in the alpine context [61,62].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater Chemical Trends Analyses in the Piedmont Po Plain (NW Italy): Comparison with Groundwater Level Variations (2000–2020)

Cocca,

Lasagna,

De Luca

2024

Water

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“…Then the same data were studied with basic statistical analyses (mean, maximumphrea, minimum). Moreover, trends and slopes of the data series were calculated with the ProUCL software (Singh et al 2007) using the nonparametrical Mann-Kendall (Kendall 1955;Mann 1945) and the Theil-Sen (Sen 1968) methods, as also performed in previous similar works (Franzke et al 2022;Helsel et al 2020;Mancini et al 2022;Yue and Wang 2002).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The aim of this paper is to explore how climatic variability in northern Italy could affect groundwater in a paddy field area located in eastern part of the Piedmont Region, at the border with the Lombardy Region. In fact, it has been observed in various parts of the world (Liu C 2022;Liu Y 2022;Wang 2022), and also in the study area (Lasagna et al 2020b(Lasagna et al , 2020aMancini et al 2022), that rice cultivation was lately affected by qualitative and quantitative variations in GW, since it uses an agricultural technique that makes heavy use of water resources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Climate impact assessment to the groundwater levels based on long time-series analysis in a paddy field area (Piedmont region, NW Italy): preliminary results

Egidio¹,

Lasagna²,

Mancini³

et al. 2022

AS-ITJGW

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The analysis of the time-series of groundwater level are extremely important to observe the behaviours of groundwater over time and to identify any critical situations. The studied area is an agricultural district characterised by paddy fields, located in the eastern part of Piedmont, on the border with Lombardy. In this area long time-series of groundwater level, starting from the 1960s, have been collected in 16 wells. Water table data have a good completeness (in the majority of the cases >90%). Firstly, the groundwater hydrodynamic behaviour, based on water table levels, was investigated to highlight the response of groundwater to the recharge. A basic statistical analysis was performed (mean, median, standard deviation, maximum, minima), and then trends of water table levels were evaluated in order to better observe the long-term behaviour of groundwater. These analyses allowed to observe a groundwater hydrodynamic behaviour characterised by a repeating annual pattern (minimum in February/March and maximum in August/September) in correspondence to the period of irrigation. Moreover, trend analysis highlighted the presence of both wells with a decreasing water table (with maximum lowering of 4.3 m in 60 years) and wells with an increasing water table (with maximum rises of 2.8 m in 35 years). Furthermore, in most cases, it can be observed that all three trends analysed agree on being positive or negative. Future insights will be the comparison of these long time-series with the meteorological data, and the investigation of other factors (e.g. anthropic withdrawal, variations of cultivation practices and irrigation, geology of the subsoil) to better understand the causes of the water table fluctuations and trends.

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“…Study, map and define these factors is crucial for decision making. They cite MANCINI, et al [18], in their study in Italy, direct implications as the above on groundwater quality, through four different statistical methodologies where change points, trends, percentile and non-standard anomalies were evaluated to detect inter-annual variations in rainfall amplitude in the region.…”

Section: Anthropic Impacts On Subterranean Watersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater and Anthropic Activities: A Qualitative Study on Treatment Techniques

Oliveira

2024

BJSTR

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The hydrological water cycle comprises constant water movements, which have great influence on the maintenance of vital natural activities. Groundwater in particular constitutes a portion of aquifers, which are considered mobile reservoirs used mainly as a source of supply and human consumption. However, external influences have become largely responsible for the unbalance of the ecosystem, linked to the unbridled human consumption of finite natural resources and the consequent discharge of waste into the receiving bodies without the necessary treatment. The geological water cycle is interrupted when forests are cut down, springs and rivers are extinguished, and together with this, finally, the lack of basic sanitation alters the ecosystem, causing changes of great relevance to the world's population. Groundwater has suffered relevant impacts due to the loss of biodiversity of ecosystems, such as contamination, overuse, lack of current regulatory legislation for use, and the improvement of decontamination techniques. The analysis of the following activities is necessary, mainly due to the anthropic punctual impacts to the ecosystem, corroborating the need for satisfactory techniques. It is noticeable the need for extreme attention to the waste runoff via sanitary sewage to places that have treatment, but the same is not very efficient in retaining this liability, since some developing countries that have not reached about 90% treatment of sanitary sewage, demonstrating the lack of such activities. Thus, the objective of this study is to verify, by means of exploratory and bibliographic research in research bases, the measures that protect the water. Technological measures and sustainable management tools for this purpose will be reviewed, as well as the evolution of groundwater treatment techniques.

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Application and comparison of different statistical methods for the analysis of groundwater levels over time: Response to rainfall and resource evolution in the Piedmont Plain (NW Italy)

Cited by 10 publications

References 53 publications

Groundwater Chemical Trends Analyses in the Piedmont Po Plain (NW Italy): Comparison with Groundwater Level Variations (2000–2020)

Groundwater Chemical Trends Analyses in the Piedmont Po Plain (NW Italy): Comparison with Groundwater Level Variations (2000–2020)

Climate impact assessment to the groundwater levels based on long time-series analysis in a paddy field area (Piedmont region, NW Italy): preliminary results

Groundwater and Anthropic Activities: A Qualitative Study on Treatment Techniques

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