Applicability of the Cross-Culturally Modified University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test in a Japanese Population

Ogihara, Hitomi; Kobayashi, Masayoshi; Nishida, Kohei; Kitano, Masako; Takeuchi, Kazuhiko

doi:10.2500/ajra.2011.25.3658

Cited by 54 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Although we found greater risk of olfactory dysfunction among NH Asians, the NHANES 2012 data with relatively small numbers of Asians does not permit analyses by country of origin. Moreover, familiarity may influence performance on the odor identification task, particularly among adults who were raised in Asian countries with a different odor repertoire [82, 83]. It is noteworthy, however, that risk factors of self-reported olfactory dysfunction for Koreans, based on the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey [18], are similar to those reported for adults in the United States [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New chemosensory component in the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES): first-year results for measured olfactory dysfunction

Hoffman

Rawal

et al. 2016

Rev Endocr Metab Disord

190

274

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The U.S. NHANES included chemosensory assessments in the 2011–2014 protocol. We provide an overview of this protocol and 2012 olfactory exam findings. Of the 1818 NHANES participants aged ≥40 years, 1281 (70.5 %) completed the exam; non-participation mostly was due to time constraints. Health technicians administered an 8-item, forced-choice, odor identification task scored as normosmic (6–8 odors identified correctly) versus olfactory dysfunction, including hyposmic (4–5 correct) and anosmic/severe hyposmic (0–3 correct). Interviewers recorded self-reported smell alterations (during past year, since age 25, phantosmia), histories of sinonasal problems, xerostomia, dental extractions, head or facial trauma, and chemosensory-related treatment and changes in quality of life. Olfactory dysfunction was found in 12.4 % (13.3 million adults; 55 % males/45 % females) including 3.2 % anosmic/severe hyposmic (3.4 million; 74 % males/26 % females). Selected age-specific prevalences were 4.2 % (40–49 years), 12.7 % (60–69 years), and 39.4 % (80+ years). Among adults ≥70 years, misidentification rates for warning odors were 20.3 % for smoke and 31.3 % for natural gas. The highest sensitivity (correctly identifying dysfunction) and specificity (correctly identifying normosmia) of self-reported olfactory alteration was among anosmics/severe hyposmics (54.4 % and 78.1 %, respectively). In age- and sex-adjusted logistic regression analysis, risk factors of olfactory dysfunction were racial/ethnic minority, income-to-poverty ratio ≤ 1.1, education

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New chemosensory component in the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES): first-year results for measured olfactory dysfunction

Hoffman

Rawal

et al. 2016

Rev Endocr Metab Disord

190

274

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“…The UPSIT-J is effective in assessing olfactory function in the Japanese population [10] . Researchers in other countries have made efforts to utilize or adapt the UPSIT for use in their cultural contexts [11] , and age and gender norms are available.…”

Section: Assessment Of Olfactory Disorders In Population Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Epidemiology of Olfactory Disorders

Yang

Pinto

2016

Curr Otorhinolaryngol Rep

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Insights into risk factors for olfactory decline are needed, because knowledge about its origin is limited. This impairment has important implications for human health. Several epidemiologic studies of olfaction provide insight into the prevalence of olfactory disorders. Here, we review the major population studies carried out on this topic to date. Our purpose is to characterize knowledge about olfactory disorders from human studies. We also describe the existing methods for measuring the sense of smell in population studies, present recent insights into the epidemiology of smell disorders, and discuss the risk factors identified to date. Synthesis of these data shows that olfactory dysfunction increases as people age and is worse in men. Further study of olfaction is warranted for gaining better information on the etiologies affecting its impairment, research that will have a large public health impact.

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“…The total number of correct answers for the 40 odorants presented was used to determine the UPSIT score. Scores of [19][20][21][22][23][24][25] Copyright (c) Oceanside Publications, Inc. All rights reserved. For permission to copy go to https://www.oceansidepubl.com/permission.htm mia, 31-34 as mild microsmia, and 35-40 as normal smell function.…”

Section: Upsitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-Culturally Modified University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test for a Turkish Population

Altundağ

Tekelı

Salihoğlu

et al. 2015

Am J Rhinol�Allergy

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Applicability of the Cross-Culturally Modified University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test in a Japanese Population

Abstract: Although a cultural bias was detected for some test odorants, this study indicates that the UPSIT-J is effective for use in the clinic to assess olfactory function in the Japanese population.

Cited by 54 publications

References 21 publications

New chemosensory component in the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES): first-year results for measured olfactory dysfunction

New chemosensory component in the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES): first-year results for measured olfactory dysfunction

The Epidemiology of Olfactory Disorders

Cross-Culturally Modified University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test for a Turkish Population

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