Cross-Culturally Modified University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test for a Turkish Population

Altundağ, Aytuğ; Tekelı, Hakan; Salihoğlu, Murat; Çayönü, Melih; Yaşar, Halit; Kendirli, Mustafa Tansel; Sağlam, Ömer

doi:10.2500/ajra.2015.29.4212

Cited by 23 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…At last 24 articles were included (see selection flowchart in Figure 1). The studies (16,19,20,28,(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46)(47)(48)(49)(50)(51)(52)(53)(54)(55)(56)(57)(58) included for each of the three groups are shown in Table 1. Table 1 showed the demographic characteristics of participants and measures used in odor identification.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of gender on odor identification at different life stages: a meta-analysis

Wang¹,

Zhang²,

Xia³

et al. 2019

Rhin

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Background: Although conflicting findings abound, gender-related differences in olfactory identification have received continuous attention. To our best knowledge, no systematic and quantitative research has examined gender differences in olfaction identification at various stages of life. The present study aimed to find out if there is gender difference in human olfaction identification in different life stages. Methodology: Studies cited in the PubMed database were searched from its inception to August 2017 using the terms "olfact*" or "smell" and "gender" or "sex". The effect size of each comparison was calculated. 24 studies were included in this meta-analysis. Results: In this meta-analysis, we used Cohen's d to determine the effects sizes for the comparisons between women versus men among different groups. Its value was 0.18 (95% CI:-0.13 to 0.49) in Group A (age<18years), 0.62 (95% CI: 0.43 to 0.81) in Group B (age 18-50years), and 0.33 (95% CI:-0.01 to 0.66) in Group C. The effect was considered relatively small in Group A (age<18years) and Group C (age>50years), and a medium effect in Group B (age18-50 years). Moreover, a significant difference was only present in Group B (age18-50 years). Summarizing, the gender effect was only present in the group aged 18-50 years, in which women outperformed men significantly in odor identification. Conclusions: This meta-analytic review indicated that the gender differences only exist in young adults (age18-50 years), while absent in juveniles (age<18years) or an aged cohort (age >50years). Females outperformed males in the young adults.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of gender on odor identification at different life stages: a meta-analysis

Wang¹,

Zhang²,

Xia³

et al. 2019

Rhin

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“…Since odor disorder is a subjective concept, objective tests were needed in its diagnosis. There are two types of odor [10,15,35]. These tests can also be used in the diagnosis of olfactory disorders in COVID-19 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our study, patients who had olfactor loss in COVID-19 were tested both for smell and the olfactory regions were examined by taking Paranasal Sinus Tomography (CT). The most frequently used scent tests are "The University of Pennsylvania Smell Identi cation Test (UPSIT)", "Connecticut (CCCRC) Olfactory Test", "Sni n 'Sticks" Olfactory Test " [15][16][17]. In our study, we used the Connecticut (CCCRC) Olfactory Test, which is easy and fast to apply, and we tried to elucidate the pathophysiology of COVID-19 olfactory disorder by comparing the degrees of odor disorder and radiological ndings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Covid 19 pandemic: Paranasal diagnostic imaging in patients with olfactory loss

Yıldız¹,

Balcı²,

Selendili³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Objective: COVID-19; It is an infectious disease that starts with cold symptoms and causes Acute Respiratory Failure, causing deaths all over the world. Besides the common symptoms of the disease such as fever, dyspnea and cough, recently, a “sudden loss of smell” has been added as a diagnostic symptom.Materials and Methods: Clinical and demographic features, Tomography results, and odor test scores of 40 patients diagnosed as sudden olfactory loss using Connecticut (CCCRC) Olfactory Test ”will be evaluated together, and odor disorder and clinical and radiological findings will be compared.Results: There was no significant difference in smell loss in terms of gender. No relationship was found between smoking and degree of smell disorder. (p> 0.05) When we evaluated the paranasal CTs taken from our patients with odor loss, 2 patients' CT showed pathological findings (p <0.05). As the patients' illness worsened, an increase in the degree of odor loss was observed (p <0.05). Between the CCCRC score and presence of PNS CT findings, a significant statistical relationship was found (p = 0.0012)Conclusion : Olfactory loss was not related to age, gender, smoking. PNS CT findings were significantly correlated with the degree of olfactory loss. In patients with olfactory loss, evaluation with a PNS CT may be diagnostic in terms of COVID-19. However, in order for this examination to be diagnostic, a larger patient series is needed.

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“…The technique's success rate was 92.8% and resulted in improved olfactory function scores 1, 3, and 6 months after the procedure. 12 The second article on olfactory dysfunction is by Altundag et al 13 who developed a cross-cultural adaptation of the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) and investigated its applicability in 51 healthy Turkish subjects. The modified version increased the identification rates of test odorants, which indicated that the UPSIT-T modification is a reliable tool for clinical use in a Turkish population.…”

Section: T His Issue Of American Journal Of Rhinology Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The modified version increased the identification rates of test odorants, which indicated that the UPSIT-T modification is a reliable tool for clinical use in a Turkish population. 13 Olfactory loss is a reported complication after transnasal endoscopic pituitary surgery. Chaaban et al 14 followed up 18 patients who underwent endoscopic transnasal pituitary surgery.…”

Section: T His Issue Of American Journal Of Rhinology Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Editorial: Inflammatory and Allergic Diseases of the Upper Airways

Mahdavinia¹

2015

Am J Rhinol�Allergy

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Editorial: Inflammatory and allergic diseases of the upper airways T his issue of American Journal of Rhinology and Allergy (AJRA) covers a diverse selection of articles on basic and clinical aspects of inflammatory diseases of the upper airways. One such disease, chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), significantly lowers quality of life. Despite recent progress, however, CRS remains poorly understood. A few of the articles in this AJRA issue focus on the pathophysiology of CRS.The literature indicates a role for prostaglandin-E2 and E-prostanoid (EP) receptors in CRS. When comparing EP receptors in CRS subtypes, Xie et al. 1 found enhanced EP1 receptor messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression in eosinophilic CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). However, EP4 mRNA levels were higher than EP1, EP2, and EP3 levels in controls; in CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP); and in noneosinophilic CRSwNP. 1 Nasal tissue eosinophilia is a hallmark of CRSwNP, especially in patients from Western countries. Results of studies have shown an association between tissue eosinophilia and polyp recurrence. In their retrospective analysis from China of 387 patients with CRSwNP, Lou et al. 2 found a significant correlation between tissue eosinophilia and polyp recurrence. They showed that tissue eosinophils Ͼ27% of total cells or a tissue eosinophil absolute count of Ն55 eosinophils per high power field is a reliable prognostic indicator for nasal polyp recurrence within 2 years after surgery. 2 CRS has been linked to imbalances in the production of eicosanoids (arachidonic acid metabolites), which results from phospholipid hydrolysis by phospholipase A2 (PLA2). Mruwat et al. 3 investigated the expression of PLA2s and multiple cytokines in super-antigen Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin stimulated human nasal polyps from patients with CRSwNP. Stimulation of nasal polyp cells by S. aureus enterotoxin induced cytokine secretion and enhanced expression of several secretory PLA2 and calciumindependent PLA2, while suppressing cytoplasmic PLA2 expression. This supports a role for secretory PLA2s in the pathophysiology of CRS. 3 Wang et al. 4 evaluated the ethmoid bone tissue samples from a group of patients with CRS by histologic examination and quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and showed an increased infiltration of eosinophils in the periosteum, along with neo-osteogenesis in CRS. The investigators found increased expression of TGF-␤1, TGF-␤ receptor I, and p-Smad3 in patients with CRSwNP compared with CRSsNP at the mRNA and protein levels. The investigators concluded that these findings were indicative of a potential role for eosinophils in the bone remodeling process in CRSwNP. 4 Oral steroids are used routinely in the management of CRS. However, providers should be aware of potential adverse effects and complications with these medications. In this issue of AJRA, Poetker 5 comprehensively reviews existing data on the risks of oral steroids and discusses the use of oral steroids in CRS.With the recent emergence o...

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Cross-Culturally Modified University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test for a Turkish Population

Abstract: The UPSIT-T modification is an adequate olfactory test for clinical use in a Turkish population.

Cited by 23 publications

References 25 publications

Effect of gender on odor identification at different life stages: a meta-analysis

Effect of gender on odor identification at different life stages: a meta-analysis

Covid 19 pandemic: Paranasal diagnostic imaging in patients with olfactory loss

Editorial: Inflammatory and Allergic Diseases of the Upper Airways

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