Apple Phenology in Subtropical Climate Conditions

Petri, José Luiz; Hawerroth, F. J.; Leite, Gabriel Berenhauser; Couto, Marcelo; Francescatto, Poliana

doi:10.5772/34301

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…"Castel Gala" and "Royal Gala" scions were grafted onto M.9 and Marubakaido rootstocks, respectively, with the latter bearing an M.9 interstock. The flowering periods of "Gala" trees do not differ between these two rootstock systems (Petri et al 2012). Additionally, July 2009 (winter) RT-qPCR data allowed the comparison of samples at a time point when the phenological differences between cultivars were evident because "Castel Gala" trees were in a more advanced stage of dormancy, close to budburst.…”

Section: Transcriptional Characterization Of Apple Bud Dormancy-related Candidate Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Transcriptional Profiles of Dormancy-Related Genes in Apple Buds

Falavigna

Porto²,

Buffon³

et al. 2013

Plant Mol Biol Rep

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The production of temperate fruit crops depends on plant developmental processes, primarily the shift from the juvenile phase to the reproductive phase, dormancy transitions and flowering. Apple tree (Malus ×domestica Borkh.) development is regulated by chilling temperatures, which are required for bud dormancy progression. The apple cultivar Castel Gala is a spontaneous mutation of "Gala Standard". "Castel Gala" is characterized by a 50 % decrease in the chilling requirement (CR) for dormancy release, which results in an earlier budbreak. This work explores the contrasting phenotypes of these cultivars using suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH). From 1,019 unigenes identified by SSH, we selected 28 candidate genes putatively associated with dormancy cycling. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to validate the differential expression profiles and to transcriptionally characterize these genes in three distinct apple cultivars ("Castel Gala", "Royal Gala" and "Fuji Standard") during a cycle comprising growth to dormancy. Of the 28 candidate genes analyzed, 17 confirmed the differences in expression predicted by SSH. Seasonal transcript accumulation during the winter was observed for several genes, with higher steady-state mRNA levels maintained longer in cultivars with a high CR. The transcription profiles suggest that these genes may be associated with dormancy establishment and maintenance. Of the 17 candidate genes, transcripts coding for dormancy-associated MADS-box (DAM), dehydrins, GAST1, LTI65, NAC, HTA8, HTA12 and RAP2.12-like proteins displayed major differences in gene expression between cultivars through the winter. These genes were therefore considered good candidates for key roles in the dormancy process in apple trees. Keywords Apple . Bud dormancy . Gene expression . Malus ×domestica . RT-qPCR . Suppression subtractive hybridization Abbreviations ABA Abscisic acid AP2 APETALA2 ARC5 Accumulation and replication of chloroplast 5 ARP6 Actin-related protein 6 CAMTA1 Calmodulin-binding transcription activator 1 CBF C-repeat binding factor CO CONSTANS COR Cold-regulated CR Chilling requirement CRT C-repeat DAM Dormancy-associated MADS-box DHN Dehydrin DRE Dehydration-responsive element DREB Dehydration-responsive element binding protein EST Expressed sequence tag FT FLOWERING LOCUS T GAST1 GA stimulated transcript 1 GO Gene ontologyThe nucleotide sequences reported in this paper have been submitted to GenBank with the accession numbers JZ480898 to JZ482228.

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Section: Transcriptional Characterization Of Apple Bud Dormancy-related Candidate Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Transcriptional Profiles of Dormancy-Related Genes in Apple Buds

Falavigna

Porto²,

Buffon³

et al. 2013

Plant Mol Biol Rep

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“…A temperatura é o principal fator relacionado com a dormência, sendo que temperaturas baixas são particularmente importantes. A evolução dos estádios fenológicos da macieira, durante a fase vegetativa, início da brotação, plena floração, desenvolvimento e maturação dos frutos, além de produtividade e qualidade da produção, podem ser observados visualmente e são influenciados pelas condições climáticas (PETRI et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…O tipo de estrutura de frutificação, correlacionado com sua área foliar, influencia na formação de frutos e são importantes parâmetros na evolução fenológica (MADAIL et al, 2012;PETRI et al, 2012). A macieira pode ser cultivada em regiões de inverno ameno, onde seu requerimento em frio não é satisfeito, porém apresenta uma série de anomalias em sua fenologia, referentes à brotação, floração, crescimento e desenvolvimento do fruto e da planta CHAGAS et al, 2012;LEITE, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Avaliação Fenológica Das Diferentes Estruturas De Frutificação Das Macieiras 'Gala' E 'Fuji' Na Região De Caçador-Sc

et al. 2015

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PHenologicAl evAluAtion of different fruiting HAbits of 'gAlA' And 'fuJi' APPles in tHe soutHern brAZilAbstrAct -Apple shows two distinct phases that characterizes its annual cycle: dormancy and vegetative/ reproductive growth. The importance of knowing the influence of climate conditions on tree reproductive processes and furthermore, developing technologies that minimize the future effects increases upon the global warming predictions becomes concerning. The goal of this study was to characterize the behavior of the main phenological events of apple, from bud break to harvest, on different fruiting habits under the subtropical climatic conditions of the South of Brazil. The experiments were carried out on nine year old 'Gala' and 'Fuji' apples in the Experimental Station of EPAGRI (Brazil -26°50'S, 50°58'W, altitude 950m) during two different growing seasons, 2011/12 and 2013/14. Date and days after dormancy breaking treatment and heat requirements of the main phenological stages from bud break to harvest were evaluated. Evaluations were performed on each fruiting habit: spur buds, terminal and axillary buds on long shoots. Differences found on the onset of bud break and flowering among fruiting habits greatly depended on climate conditions of the particular year. High temperatures conditions after the dormancy breaking treatment induced to a phenological synchrony among fruiting habits, and vice versa. From dormancy breaking treatment, spur buds, especially 'Gala' buds, required less heat accumulation to bud break. Terminal buds of long shoots required higher amount of heat than spur buds to start flowering. index terms: Malus domestica Borkh., degree-days, bud break, flowering.

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A Global Strategy for the Conservation and Use of Apple Genetic Resources

Bramel¹,

Volk²

2019

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Apple Phenology in Subtropical Climate Conditions

Cited by 4 publications

References 25 publications

Differential Transcriptional Profiles of Dormancy-Related Genes in Apple Buds

Differential Transcriptional Profiles of Dormancy-Related Genes in Apple Buds

Avaliação Fenológica Das Diferentes Estruturas De Frutificação Das Macieiras 'Gala' E 'Fuji' Na Região De Caçador-Sc

A Global Strategy for the Conservation and Use of Apple Genetic Resources

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