Appetitive conditioning-induced plasticity is expressed during paradoxical sleep in the medial geniculate, but not in the lateral amygdala.

Maho, Catherine; Hennevin, Elizabeth

doi:10.1037/0735-7044.116.5.807

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Cue-induced firing patterns during SWS were not investigated in these studies. Increased neural responses were also observed after cue reexposure during REM sleep in the medial geniculate body of the auditory thalamus and, for aversive cues, in the lateral amygdala (542,543,755). Taken together, these studies by Hennevin's group indicate that learning-induced plasticity can be reexpressed by cueing during REM sleep, whereas expression of conditioned responses was not consistently observed during SWS (541).…”

Section: Reactivating Memories During Sleep By Cueingmentioning

confidence: 72%

About Sleep's Role in Memory

Rasch

Born

2013

Physiological Reviews

2,223

2,026

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Over more than a century of research has established the fact that sleep benefits the retention of memory. In this review we aim to comprehensively cover the field of "sleep and memory" research by providing a historical perspective on concepts and a discussion of more recent key findings. Whereas initial theories posed a passive role for sleep enhancing memories by protecting them from interfering stimuli, current theories highlight an active role for sleep in which memories undergo a process of system consolidation during sleep. Whereas older research concentrated on the role of rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep, recent work has revealed the importance of slow-wave sleep (SWS) for memory consolidation and also enlightened some of the underlying electrophysiological, neurochemical, and genetic mechanisms, as well as developmental aspects in these processes. Specifically, newer findings characterize sleep as a brain state optimizing memory consolidation, in opposition to the waking brain being optimized for encoding of memories. Consolidation originates from reactivation of recently encoded neuronal memory representations, which occur during SWS and transform respective representations for integration into long-term memory. Ensuing REM sleep may stabilize transformed memories. While elaborated with respect to hippocampus-dependent memories, the concept of an active redistribution of memory representations from networks serving as temporary store into long-term stores might hold also for non-hippocampus-dependent memory, and even for nonneuronal, i.e., immunological memories, giving rise to the idea that the offline consolidation of memory during sleep represents a principle of long-term memory formation established in quite different physiological systems.

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Section: Reactivating Memories During Sleep By Cueingmentioning

confidence: 72%

About Sleep's Role in Memory

Rasch

Born

2013

Physiological Reviews

2,223

2,026

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…REM replay is much less studied than NREM replay, but its occurrence is supported not only by place cell recordings [72] and conditioning work in rats [73], but also by PET [74] and EEG studies in humans [75]. While Non-REM replay occurs in a temporally compressed form, around 6-20 times faster than the real experience [76], replay in REM sleep is not compressed to this extent, and instead more closely reflects the real time involved in doing the task.…”

Section: Box 2 Memory Replay In Sleepmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Memory Replay in Sleep Boosts Creative Problem-Solving

Lewis

Knoblich²,

Poe³

2018

Trends in Cognitive Sciences

157

111

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Creative thought relies on the reorganisation of existing knowledge. Sleep is known to be important for creative thinking, but there is a debate about which sleep stage is most relevant, and why. We address this issue by proposing that rapid eye movement sleep, or 'REM', and non-REM sleep facilitate creativity in different ways. Memory replay mechanisms in non-REM can abstract rules from corpuses of learned information, while replay in REM may promote novel associations. We propose that the iterative interleaving of REM and non-REM across a night boosts the formation of complex knowledge frameworks, and allows these frameworks to be restructured, thus facilitating creative thought. We outline a hypothetical computational model which will allow explicit testing of these hypotheses.

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“…However, these studies inactivated the amygdala with muscimol, which has physiological effects for several millimetres around the injection site 81 . On the other hand, in an appetitive task, the MGm develops strong plasticity in waking and continues to express it during paradoxical sleep, whereas the basolateral amygdala (BLA) exhibits weaker plasticity and does not show plasticity during paradoxical sleep 82 . The authors conclude that the amygdala is more involved in strong emotional states, such as in aversive conditioning, whereas the MGm signals the importance of the CS for both aversive and appetitive conditioning.…”

Section: Loci Of Plasticitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific long-term memory traces in primary auditory cortex

2004

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Learning and memory involve the storage of specific sensory experiences. However, until recently the idea that the primary sensory cortices could store specific memory traces had received little attention. Converging evidence obtained using techniques from sensory physiology and the neurobiology of learning and memory supports the idea that the primary auditory cortex acquires and retains specific memory traces about the behavioural significance of selected sounds. The cholinergic system of the nucleus basalis, when properly engaged, is sufficient to induce both specific memory traces and specific behavioural memory. A contemporary view of the primary auditory cortex should incorporate its mnemonic and other cognitive functions.Identifying the neural substrates of learning and memory is a core problem in neuroscience. As memories involve the representation of past sensory events, they may be stored, in part, within sensory systems. Sensory systems have traditionally been viewed as 'stimulus analysers', with learning and memory assigned to 'higher' cortical regions. Nonetheless, neurophysiological studies have produced evidence for learning-induced plasticity in sensory cortices, and in particular the auditory cortex. Galambos and colleagues first implicated the primary auditory cortex (A1) in learning in 1956, observing that pairing an auditory conditioned stimulus (CS) with a weak shock (a mildly aversive unconditioned stimulus (US)) produced a significant increase in the amplitude of CS-elicited evoked field potentials in A1 of the cat 1 . Subsequently, these findings were extended to other tasks (such as discrimination), types of learning (including instrumental conditioning), motivations (for example, food) and types of recording (such as single and multiple unit discharges) 2 .Although such results established associative plasticity in A1, neither they nor similar findings in other sensory cortices addressed the key issue of specificity of information storage. As memories have specific content, how could changes in the magnitude of sensory cortical responses adequately reflect the encoding of specific aspects of experiences? A solution was provided by the field of sensory neurophysiology, which focuses on stimulus specificity. Sensory physiology experiments use a wide range of stimulus values to NIH-PA Author ManuscriptNIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author Manuscript determine how specific sensory stimuli are processed and coded. In fact, the basic paradigms of sensory physiology and learning are complementary (Box 1).This article presents an overview of research that combines experimental designs from sensory physiology with those of learning and memory to search for specific memory traces in A1. A sign of a specific memory trace would be learning-induced physiological plasticity that has the key characteristics of behavioural memory and sufficient specificity to encode a canonical attribute of experience, such as a physical feature and its behavioural importance. Previous reviews have covered ot...

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Appetitive conditioning-induced plasticity is expressed during paradoxical sleep in the medial geniculate, but not in the lateral amygdala.

Cited by 13 publications

References 83 publications

About Sleep's Role in Memory

About Sleep's Role in Memory

How Memory Replay in Sleep Boosts Creative Problem-Solving

Specific long-term memory traces in primary auditory cortex

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