“…The cecal appendix, which has long been used in urologic surgery as an intermittent catheterization stoma for the bladder or urinary reservoirs (Mitrofanoff principle) [2], has been used to replace the right and, more rarely, the left ureter in various pathological conditions [3,4,5,6,7,8]. Compared to the ileum and colic segments, it provides several advantages: suitable caliber/length ratio, little tendency to dilation over time, caliber and structure comparable with ureteral ones, exclusive vascularization, reduced mucosa surface and little reabsorption of urinary electrolytes, and easy removal with no need for intestinal anastomosis.…”