Appendicitis in children from a gender perspective

Salö, Martin; Ohlsson, Bodil; Arnbjörnsson, Einar; Stenström, Pernilla

doi:10.1007/s00383-015-3729-5

Cited by 32 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Only few studies analyze the gender disparity in gastroenterological diseases. Salo et al , observing 427 children less than 15 years of age underwent appendectomy, have found that females had more numerous postoperative complications, while males had often intestinal perforations [ 26 ]. It is well known that children with Crohn’s disease have height and BMI below the normal range for age.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender disparity in pediatrics: a review of the current literature

2018

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BackgroundGender-based medicine is an innovative branch of biomedical research and represents a new perspective for the future of health research. Many studies have been published on gender medicine in adults but very few data regarding children are available.Literature search and resultsA literature search covering articles published between 1stJuly, 2006 and 1st February, 2017 and concerning children only was conducted using multiple keywords and standardized terminology in Pubmed database. The search was limited to English-language publications. All relevant articles on endocrines, neurological, psychiatric, gastrointestinal, immunological, oncological, rheumatic, pneumological disorders, infectious diseases and analgesia were evaluated and pertinent articles were included in this review. Most of the available studies on gender disparity in childhood are about endocrine and neuro-psychiatric disorders, while there are few data in other areas of medicine.ConclusionsEven if several studies on pediatric gender differences can be found on literature, few of them move forwards to analyze the reasons of the observed diversity. No data on pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic differences between boys and girls can be found. Hence, more efforts should be directed to investigate these topics in childhood.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender disparity in pediatrics: a review of the current literature

2018

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“…We decided to exclude retrospective studies from our review. All of these studies had issues related to reliability of their retrospectively abstracted data.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Accuracy of History, Physical Examination, Laboratory Tests, and Point‐of‐care Ultrasound for Pediatric Acute Appendicitis in the Emergency Department: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis

Benabbas

Hanna

Shah

et al. 2017

Academic Emergency Medicine

160

101

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Presence of AA is more likely in patients with undifferentiated abdominal pain migrating to the RLQ or when cough/hop pain is present in the physical examination. Once AA is suspected, no single history, physical examination, laboratory finding, or score attained on PAS can eliminate the need for imaging studies. Operating characteristics of ED-POCUS are similar to those reported for RUS in literature for diagnosis of AA. In ED patients suspected of AA, a positive ED-POCUS is diagnostic and obviates the need for CT or MRI while negative ED-POCUS is not enough to rule out AA.

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“…3 Yet, a significant proportion of children are initially misdiagnosed, especially younger children and girls. 1,[4][5][6] Misdiagnosis leads to prolonged observation periods, increased risk of negative appendectomies, and adverse effects such as perforations and pelvic abscesses. 7 These, in turn, cause morbidity, increased costs, and inadequate use of health care resources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Prediction Scores for Pediatric Appendicitis

et al. 2020

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Introduction The rate of misdiagnosis of appendicitis in children is a challenge and clinical prediction scores could be part of the solution. However, the pediatric appendicitis score (PAS) and the Alvarado score have shown disappointing diagnostic accuracy in pediatric validation studies, while the appendicitis inflammatory response (AIR) score and the novel pediatric appendicitis risk calculator (pARC) have not yet been validated thoroughly. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate these four prediction scores prospectively in children with suspected appendicitis. Materials and Methods A prospective study was conducted over a 2-year period. All patients <15 years with suspected appendicitis were eligible for inclusion. The four prediction scores were compared regarding predictive values, receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves, decision curve analysis, and clinical outcome. Results Of the 318 patients included, 151 (47 %) patients had appendicitis. The AIR score and the pARC had substantially higher specificity and positive predictive value, and lower rate of false positives (7% and 2%), than the PAS and Alvarado score (36 and 28%, p < 0.001). Across the different gender and age groups, the AIR score and the pARC generally had fewer false positives than the PAS and Alvarado score. There were no significant differences in sensitivity, negative predictive values, rates of missed appendicitis, or ROC curve analysis. In decision curve analysis, the AIR score and the pARC outperformed the PAS and Alvarado score at most threshold probabilities. Conclusion The AIR score and the pARC are superior to the PAS and Alvarado score in diagnosing children with suspected appendicitis.

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Appendicitis in children from a gender perspective

Cited by 32 publications

References 27 publications

Gender disparity in pediatrics: a review of the current literature

Gender disparity in pediatrics: a review of the current literature

Diagnostic Accuracy of History, Physical Examination, Laboratory Tests, and Point‐of‐care Ultrasound for Pediatric Acute Appendicitis in the Emergency Department: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis

Clinical Prediction Scores for Pediatric Appendicitis

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