Apparent Digestibility of Amino Acids, Gross Energy and Starch in Corn, Sorghum, Wheat, Barley, Oat Groats and Wheat Middlings for Growing Pigs

Abstract

Apparent nutrient digestibilities of yellow-dent corn, low-tannin sorghum, hard red winter wheat, barley, oat groats and wheat middlings were determined near the end of the small intestine and over the total digestive tract of growing pigs. Gross energy digestibilities for corn, sorghum and oat groats were similar; wheat had a slightly lower (P less than .05) digestibility, followed by barley (P less than .05), with wheat middlings being the least (P less than .05) digestible. About 7% of the gross energy in corn, sorghum, wheat and oat groats was digested in the large intestine, compared with 11% for barley and 17% for wheat middlings. The starch in all products was essentially 100% digestible by the end of the small intestine. Ileal amino acid digestibilities tended to be highest for wheat and oat groats, followed by corn, sorghum, barley and wheat middlings. The range in ileal digestibilities was 73.8 (sorghum) to 84.2% (wheat) for lysine, 69.6 (corn) to 81.4% (wheat) for tryptophan and 63.4 (wheat middlings) to 77.9% (oat groats) for threonine. Amino acid digestibilities determined over the total tract were generally higher than ileal digestibilities; however, values for lysine, methionine and phenylalanine were generally lower, indicating a net synthesis of these amino acids in the large intestine.

Ileal amino acids digestibility of sorghum in weaned piglets and growing pigs

“…In the case of arginine, Charlton et al (2002) reported that this AA strengthens the interaction between proteins and tannins forming an additional site of interaction. The CIAD of protein and AA from S in growing pigs are in the range of values reported previously (Lin et al, 1987;Mariscal-Landín, 1992;Mariscal-Landín et al, 2004).…”

Composição aminoacídica e digestibilidade ileal de aminoácidos de alimentos energéticos determinados com suínos submetidos à anastomose ileo-retal

“…O valor referente à composição da lisina no milheto (0,50%) foi 44% superior ao valor de 0,35% apresentado por Rostagno et al (2000). (Lin et al, 1987).…”

Evaluation through literature data on standardized ileal digestibility and basal ileal endogenous loss of amino acids associated with barley in pigs

“…The database A database containing AID of CP and AA in 38 barley samples for pigs was extracted from a total of 26 peer-reviewed papers with data on AID of CP and AA in barley including studies of Baidoo and Liu (1998) (3);De Lange et al (1990) (1); Fan et al (1993) (1); Fan and Sauer (1995) (1); Fan and Sauer (2002) (6); Fernández-Fígares et al (2008) (1) ;Fuller et al (1994) (1); Furuya and Kaji (1991) (1); Green et al (1987) (1); Ige et al (2010) (2); Jørgensen et al (1997) (2); Lin et al (1987) (1); Nitrayová et al (2006) (1); Nyachoti et al (1997) (1); Pedersen et al (2007) (1); Perttilä et al (2002) (1); Reverter and Lindberg (1998) (1); Rowan and Lawrence (1986) (1); Sauer et al (1977) (1); Sauer et al (1981) (4); Schröder et al (1989) (1); Stein et al (1999) (1); Taverner et al (1981b) (1); Yin et al (1993) (1); Yin et al (2001a) (1) and Yin et al (2002) (1) (number of barley samples per study is given in brackets). The selection of these peer-reviewed papers was based on several criteria including (1) complete information on diet composition; (2) complete information on CP and AA contents of the diet and (or) barley; (3) use of barley as the only source of protein in the diet; (4) diets being devoid of feed additives.…”