Apparent decomposition of paraquat in soil

Hance, R. J.; Byast, T. H.; Smith, Patrick

doi:10.1016/0038-0717(80)90025-5

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Rashidzadeh et al (2017) described better paraquat adsorption in montmorillonite as compared to clinoptilolite clay and adsorption in clay is stronger than sandy soil (Amondham et al, 2006). Microorganisms can only utilize and degrade less than 1% of paraquat in soil particles (Figure 1) (Roberts et al, 2002), and its half-life can be up to 3∼6.6 years (Hance et al, 1980; Pateiro-Moure et al, 2009). Alexander (1999) concluded that microorganisms could completely degrade soil paraquat in 6 years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paraquat Degradation From Contaminated Environments: Current Achievements and Perspectives

et al. 2019

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Paraquat herbicide has served over five decades to control annual and perennial weeds. Despite agricultural benefits, its toxicity to terrestrial and aquatic environments raises serious concerns. Paraquat cannot rapidly degrade in the environment and is adsorbed in clay lattices that require urgent environmental remediation. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) and bioaugmentation techniques have been developed for this purpose. Among various techniques, bioremediation is a cost-effective and eco-friendly approach for pesticide-polluted soils. Though several paraquat-degrading microorganisms have been isolated and characterized, studies about degradation pathways, related functional enzymes and genes are indispensable. This review encircles paraquat removal from contaminated environments through adsorption, photocatalyst degradation, AOPs and microbial degradation. To provide in-depth knowledge, the potential role of paraquat degrading microorganisms in contaminated environments is described as well.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paraquat Degradation From Contaminated Environments: Current Achievements and Perspectives

et al. 2019

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“…It is also suggested that when the paraquat adsorption process to soil is slowed due to reasons such as the large bulk of plant residues, the dissipation of paraquat may occur even in the plant residue incorporated into soil. Thus, this study demonstrated for the first time that the plant residues in the soil environment are a possible site for the microbial degradation of paraquat and, at the same time, that degradation is a possible reason why paraquat did not accumulate as much as expected in spite of repeated application (Hance et al, 1980). However, Kanazawa (1990) reported a decrease in paraquat concentration in the field after stopping the application.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…To the contrary, Hance et al (1980) andConstenla et al (1990) reported that paraquat did not accumulate as much as expected in spite of repeated applications. Kanazawa (1990) reported that paraquat concentration in soil decreased after application was stopped.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Microbial degradation of paraquat sorbed to plant residues.

Lee¹,

Katayama²,

Kimura³

1995

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…An early report11 from the Weed Research Organisation (UK) indicated that, after six annual applications of paraquat at 4.48 kg ha −1 beginning in 1967, essentially all of the applied paraquat could be recovered at the end of this period. However, when this trial was reassessed after 12 years of annual application,12 the amounts of paraquat found were beginning to reach a plateau. Although the data were somewhat variable, it appeared that about 10% of the paraquat was being lost each year, equivalent to a half‐life of about 6.6 years (Fig 2).…”

Section: Paraquat Behaviour In Plants and Soilmentioning

confidence: 90%

Paraquat and sustainable agriculture

Bromilow

2003

Pest Management Science

162

104

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Sustainable agriculture is essential for man's survival, especially given our rapidly increasing population. Expansion of agriculture into remaining areas of natural vegetation is undesirable, as this would reduce biodiversity on the planet. Maintaining or indeed improving crop yields on existing farmed land, whether on a smallholder scale or on larger farms, is thus necessary. One of the limiting factors is often weed control; biological control of weeds is generally of limited use and mechanical control is either often difficult with machinery or very laborious by hand. Thus the use of herbicides has become very important. Minimum cultivation can also be important, as it reduces the power required to work the soil, limits erosion and helps to maintain the organic matter content of the soil. This last aspect helps preserve both the structure of soil and its populations of organisms, and also sustains the Earth's soil as a massive sink for carbon, an important consideration in the light of global warming. The introduction of the bipyridinium herbicide paraquat in the early 1960s greatly facilitated weed control in many crops. Paraquat has the unusual property of being active only by direct spray onto plants and not by uptake from soil in which strong binding deactivates it. Together with its rapid action in light in killing green plant tissue, such properties allow paraquat to be used in many crops, including those grown by low-tillage methods. This paper reviews the ways in which agricultural systems have been and are being developed to make use of these properties, and provides a risk/benefit analysis of the world-wide use of paraquat over nearly 40 years.

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Apparent decomposition of paraquat in soil

Cited by 17 publications

References 4 publications

Paraquat Degradation From Contaminated Environments: Current Achievements and Perspectives

Paraquat Degradation From Contaminated Environments: Current Achievements and Perspectives

Microbial degradation of paraquat sorbed to plant residues.

Paraquat and sustainable agriculture

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