Apo-14 is required for digestive system organogenesis during fish embryogenesis and larval development

Abstract

Apo-14 is a fish-specific apolipoprotein and its biological function remains unknown. In this study, CagApo-14 was cloned from gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) and its expression pattern was investigated during embryogenesis and early larval development. The CagApo-14 transcript and its protein product were firstly localized in the yolk syncytial layer at a high level during embryogenesis, and then found to be restricted to the digestive system including liver and intestine in later embryos and early larvae. Immunofluorescence staining in larvae and adults indicated that CagApo-14 protein was predominantly synthesized in and excreted from sinusoidal endothelial cells of liver tissue. Morpholino knockdown of CagApo-14 resulted in severe disruption of digestive organs including liver, intestine, pancreas and swim bladder. Moreover, yolk lipid transportation and utilization were severely affected in the CagApo-14 morphants. Overall, this data indicates that CagApo-14 is required for digestive system organogenesis during fish embryogenesis and larval development.

BMP and RA signaling cooperate to regulate Apolipoprotein C1 expression during embryonic development

“…apoe (Babin et al, 1997), apoa1 (Babin et al, 1997), apoa2 (Zhang et al, 2011), apo-14 (Zhou et al, 2005;Xia et al, 2008) all reside in YSL and follows in liver, as well as apoc1 we report (Fig. 1).…”

“…1B, arrow), similar to other apolipoproteins that have been reported in fish (Babin et al, 1997;Poupard et al, 2000;Xia et al, 2008). YSL is a layer consisting of a membrane-enclosed group of nuclei on top of the yolk cells and beneath the blastoderm cells.…”

Molecular characterization and expression of an oocyte-specific histone stem-loop binding protein in Carassius gibelio

“…Immunofluorescence localization was performed according to the published protocols Xia et al, 2008;Wang et al, 2013). Briefly, the cryostat sections of ovaries were rehydrated in PBS for 30 min, and blocked for 1 h with 5% milk and 0.1% Triton X-100 in PBS at room temperature to prevent non-specific binding of antibodies.…”

Predominant expression and cellular distribution of fish Agr2 in renal collecting system

“…and sectioned at 7 µm thickness with frozen microtomy (Leica). Immunofluorescence staining was performed as described previously (Xia et al, 2008).…”