Aplikasi Dosis Pupuk Urea dan Umur Bibit terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Padi Ketan (Oryza sativa glutinous L.)

Abstract

Nowadays glutinous rice productivity is still low even though its production potential is very high. It is caused by the lackness of special technology for glutinous rice cultivation. Therefore we need cultivation techniques that can increase the production of glutinous rice plants. Application of urea fertilizer in a proper dosage and a proper seedlings age are expected to be able to increase glutinous rice production. This study aimed to get the right dosage of urea fertilizer and the proper age seedlings that can increase glutinous rice production. The study was designed using a Divided Plot Design arranged by Randomize Block Design, 2 factors (3x3). As Main Plot (PU) was the dosage of urea fertilizer (P), consisting of 3 levels: P1 = 100 kg ha-1, P2 = 200 kg ha-1 and P3 = 300 kg ha-1. As the plots (AP) were the age of seeds (U), consisting of 3 levels: U1 = 14 days, U2 = 21 days, and U3 = 28 days. Variables observed were plant height, number of tillers, number of leaves, leaf area, number of panicles per clump, panicle length, number of grains, number of grained rice, number of empty grains, number of seeds per panicle, fresh weight, dry weight, weight of 1000 grains, and grain weight per hectare. The results showed that the dosage of 300 kg ha-1 Urea (P3) and 14 days seedling ages (U1) showed a good response, so it can be recommended to be applied by the farmers. Keywords: Glutinous rice, urea fertilizer dosage, seedling age

Evaluation of Several Superior Rice Varieties on Yield and Seed Production in North Sumatra

“…As well as the number of tillers, plant growth, including plant height, is influenced by genetics and the environment [18]. Plant height varies in high-rainfall environments due to the amount of light intensity received by plants [19]. Nevertheless, farmers prefer plants with medium heights ranging from 90 to 115 cm because plants with taller stems tend to fall easily during rainy and windy seasons.…”

“…The number of productive tillers and the early flowering age determine the amount of grain produced when pollination is successful and a large amount of pithy rice is produced. The process of ripening or filling rice paddy through starch in plants derived from photosynthetic and assimilation sources before flowering, which is afterward transformed into sugar and brought to the fruit [19]. Therefore, the highest number of filled grains followed by a large number of productive tillers tends to produce high yields.…”

“…In addition to genetics, the environment can also have an impact on a variety's level of grain filling [18]; [19]. For example, varieties that birds prefer will have more empty grains than filled grains, or plants attacked by pests like stink bugs will have fewer grains per panicle.…”