Aplicação da escala psicossocial de aparência facial na avaliação da paralisia facial periférica: estudo piloto

Abstract

Purpose: To apply the Psychosocial Scale of Facial Appearance in order to verify its applicability and reproducibility in a pilot study. Methods: Subjects: eight adult subjects with peripheral facial palsy were selected according to established criteria. Procedures: 1. speech-language assessment of the facial function; 2. verification of the reliability of the Psychosocial Scale of Facial Appearance; 3. verification of the scale's reproducibility; 4. application of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. A descriptive analysis of the data was performed, and the paired t-Student test (between times 1 and 2) and the intraclass correlation coefficient (r icc ) were applied. Results: Assessing the applicability increased the familiarity with the data collection process and contributed to modifications in the procedures. The questionnaire proved to be reliable for all the scales analyzed: Functional, Social, and Emotional Aspects of Face, General, and Note Assigned to the Face. The intraclass correlation coefficient (r icc ) demonstrated the reproducibility of the instrument by showing excellent values for all thematic groups analyzed. Conclusion: This study provided subsides for the improvement and final elaboration of an instrument that aims to investigate the psychosocial aspects associated with peripheral facial palsy.Keywords: Facial paralysis; Evaluation; Psychosocial impact; Questionnaires; Reproducibility of results RESUMOObjetivo: Aplicar a Escala Psicossocial de Aparência Facial, para verificar aplicabilidade e reprodutibilidade, por meio de estudo piloto. Métodos: Casuística: seleção de oito sujeitos adultos com paralisia facial periférica, a partir de critérios estabelecidos. Procedimentos: 1. avaliação fonoaudiológica da função facial; 2. verificação da fidedignidade da Escala Psicossocial de Aparência Facial; 3. verificação da reprodutibilidade da escala; 4. aplicação da Escala Hospitalar de Ansiedade e Depressão. Foi realizada análise descritiva dos dados e aplicado o teste t-Student pareado, entre os momentos 1 e 2, e o coeficiente de correlação intraclasse (r icc ). Resultados: A verificação da aplicabilidade aumentou a familiaridade com o processo de coleta de dados e auxiliou nas modificações dos procedimentos. O questionário mostrou-se fidedigno para todas as escalas analisadas: Aspectos Funcionais da Face, Aspectos Sociais, Aspectos Emocionais, Geral e Nota atribuída ao rosto. O coeficiente de correlação intraclasse (r icc ) demonstrou a reprodutibilidade do instrumento, tendo apresentado, neste caso, valores excelentes para todas os grupos temáticos analisados. Conclusão: Esta pesquisa ofereceu subsídios para o aprimoramento e elaboração final de instrumento que investiga os aspectos psicossociais associados à paralisia facial periférica.

Avaliação da sensibilidade da Escala Psicossocial de Aparência Facial na paralisia facial periférica

“…Continuing with the aforementioned research, the present study addresses the applicability and reliability of the PSFA (13,14) in order to contribute to the explanation/assessment of the psychosocial aspects in PFP and, by extension, in the therapeutic conduct and effectiveness of PFP treatment in Speech-language Pathology practice.…”

“…Individuals with changes in the face are affected by their appearance and the possible effect it may have on others (4,5) . Complaints about loss of identity or not being able look at oneself have been commonly reported (6,7) , and the pain of losing a facial characteristic can be worse when it occurs unexpectedly, as in PFP cases (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13) .…”

“…In this context, previous studies have presented proposals of preparation of a questionnaire to investigate the psychosocial impact of PFP (12,13) . To this end, it was necessary to construct a theoretical basis to prepare a questionnaire called the Psychosocial Scale of Facial Appearance (PSFA), subsequently submit it the assessment of judges, and finally apply it in the pilot studies (13,14) .…”

“…In this context, previous studies have presented proposals of preparation of a questionnaire to investigate the psychosocial impact of PFP (12,13) . To this end, it was necessary to construct a theoretical basis to prepare a questionnaire called the Psychosocial Scale of Facial Appearance (PSFA), subsequently submit it the assessment of judges, and finally apply it in the pilot studies (13,14) . The results showed that the evaluation of the judges was essential for the improvement of this instrument, and that the pilot studies demonstrated that its application in the form of closed interviews is the most appropriate alternative for the research proposal, when participants present varied literacy skills and understanding of the questions (14)(15)(16) .…”

“…Thus, it is worth emphasizing that application of the PSFA (13,14) consists in accurately reaching and delimiting the implications of its use in a larger number of individuals and considering the diverse etiologies, degree of severity, and duration of PFP.…”