Apigenin Impacts the Growth of the Gut Microbiota and Alters the Gene Expression of Enterococcus

Wang, Minqian; Firrman, Jenni; Zhang, Liqing; Arango-Argoty, Gustavo; Tomasula, Peggy M.; Liu, LinShu; Xiao, Weidong; Yam, Kit L.

doi:10.3390/molecules22081292

Cited by 33 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 64 publications

(81 reference statements)

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“…The DNA extraction was performed using the CTAB DNA extraction method, as described previously [ 24 ]. The DNA extracts were quantified using a nanodrop and stored at -80°C until needed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Establishing a mucosal gut microbial community in vitro using an artificial simulator

et al. 2018

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The Twin Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (TWINSHIME®) was initially developed to study the luminal gut microbiota of the ascending (AC), transverse (TC), and descending (DC) colon regions. Given the unique composition and potential importance of the mucosal microbiota for human health, the TWINSHIME was recently adapted to simulate the mucosal microbiota as well as the luminal community. It has been previously demonstrated that the luminal community in the TWINSHIME reaches a steady state within two weeks post inoculation, and is able to differentiate into region specific communities. However, less is known regarding the mucosal community structure and dynamics. During the current study, the luminal and mucosal communities in each region of the TWINSHIME were evaluated over the course of six weeks. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing and short chain fatty acid analysis, it was determined that both the luminal and mucosal communities reached stability 10–20 days after inoculation, and remained stable until the end of the experiment. Bioinformatics analysis revealed the formation of unique community structures between the mucosal and luminal phases in all three colon regions, yet these communities were similar to the inoculum. Specific colonizers of the mucus mainly belonged to the Firmicutes phylum and included Lachnospiraceae (AC/TC/DC), Ruminococcaceae and Eubacteriaceae (AC), Lactobacillaceae (AC/TC), Clostridiaceae and Erysipelotrichaceae (TC/DC). In contrast, Bacteroidaceae were enriched in the gut lumen of all three colon regions. The unique profile of short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production further demonstrated system stability, but also proved to be an area of marked differences between the in vitro system and in vivo reports. Results of this study demonstrate that it is possible to replicate the community structure and composition of the gut microbiota in vitro. Through implementation of this system, the human gut microbiota can be studied in a dynamic and continuous fashion.

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“…The DNA extraction was performed using the CTAB DNA extraction method, as described previously [ 24 ]. The DNA extracts were quantified using a nanodrop and stored at -80°C until needed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The DNA extracts were quantified using a nanodrop and stored at -80°C until needed. In order to determine the community composition at each time point, in each reactor, extracted DNA was sent for NextGen, 16 Small Ribosomal RNA (16S RNA) sequencing of the V1V2 region using the MiSeq Illumina platform [ 24 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishing a mucosal gut microbial community in vitro using an artificial simulator

et al. 2018

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“…Lachnospiraceae isolated strain from human faeces Conversion of apigenin to 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid [42] Bacteria strains or colonic communities (in vitro) Different effects in bacterial growth and production of short chain fatty acids (SCFA) [58] Clostridium orbiscindens isolated strain from human faeces Conversion of apigenin to 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid [41] (1) Mouse faecal suspensions (in vitro) and 2…”

Section: Apigeninmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Apigenin was able to reduce the growth of Bacteroides galacturonicus and Enterococcus caccae in isolated cultures but promoted Enterococcus growth, SCFA production, and microbial diversity when added to human faecal colonic batch cultures [ 58 ]. This discrepancy between isolated cultures and colonic batch fermentation shows the complexity of microbial community dynamics.…”

Section: Olive Oil Phenolic Compounds and Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of the Gut Microbiota by Olive Oil Phenolic Compounds: Implications for Lipid Metabolism, Immune System, and Obesity

et al. 2020

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There is extensive information of the beneficial effects of virgin olive oil (VOO), especially on cardiovascular diseases. Some VOO healthy properties have been attributed to their phenolic-compounds (PCs). The aim of this review is to present updated data on the effects of olive oil (OO) PCs on the gut microbiota, lipid metabolism, immune system, and obesity, as well as on the crosstalk among them. We summarize experiments and clinical trials which assessed the specific effects of the olive oil phenolic-compounds (OOPCs) without the synergy with OO-fats. Several studies have demonstrated that OOPC consumption increases Bacteroidetes and/or reduces the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, which have both been related to atheroprotection. OOPCs also increase certain beneficial bacteria and gut-bacteria diversity which can be therapeutic for lipid-immune disorders and obesity. Furthermore, some of the mechanisms implicated in the crosstalk between OOPCs and these disorders include antimicrobial-activity, cholesterol microbial metabolism, and metabolites produced by bacteria. Specifically, OOPCs modulate short-chain fatty-acids produced by gut-microbiota, which can affect cholesterol metabolism and the immune system, and may play a role in weight gain through promoting satiety. Since data in humans are scarce, there is a necessity for more clinical trials designed to assess the specific role of the OOPCs in this crosstalk.

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“…Total microbial DNA extraction of both lumenal and mucosal samples were performed using the CTAB DNA extraction method, as described previously [33]. DNA concentrations were quantified using a Nanodrop and stored at -80˚C until they were shipped for sequencing.…”

Section: S Rrna Gene Qpcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triclosan has a robust, yet reversible impact on human gut microbial composition in vitro

et al. 2020

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The recent ban of the antimicrobial compound triclosan from use in consumer soaps followed research that showcased the risk it poses to the environment and to human health. Triclosan has been found in human plasma, urine and milk, demonstrating that it is present in human tissues. Previous work has also demonstrated that consumption of triclosan disrupts the gut microbial community of mice and zebrafish. Due to the widespread use of triclosan and ubiquity in the environment, it is imperative to understand the impact this chemical has on the human body and its symbiotic resident microbes. To that end, this study is the first to explore how triclosan impacts the human gut microbial community in vitro both during and after treatment. Through our in vitro system simulating three regions of the human gut; the ascending colon, transverse colon, and descending colon regions, we found that treatment with triclosan significantly impacted the community structure in terms of reduced population, diversity, and metabolite production, most notably in the ascending colon region. Given a 2 week recovery period, most of the population levels, community structure, and diversity levels were recovered for all colon regions. Our results demonstrate that the human gut microbial community diversity and population size is significantly impacted by triclosan at a high dose in vitro, and that the community is recoverable within this system.

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Apigenin Impacts the Growth of the Gut Microbiota and Alters the Gene Expression of Enterococcus

Cited by 33 publications

References 64 publications

Establishing a mucosal gut microbial community in vitro using an artificial simulator

Establishing a mucosal gut microbial community in vitro using an artificial simulator

Modulation of the Gut Microbiota by Olive Oil Phenolic Compounds: Implications for Lipid Metabolism, Immune System, and Obesity

Triclosan has a robust, yet reversible impact on human gut microbial composition in vitro

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