Aphid transmissibility of different European beet polerovirus isolates

Abstract

Different field isolates of the 'beet poleroviruses' Beet mild yellowing virus (BMYV) and Beet chlorosis virus (BChV) (genus Polerovirus, family Luteoviridae) collected in France and Poland were evaluated for transmissibility from and to sugar beet plants by different aphid species. In general, both BMYV and BChV were efficiently transmitted by Myzus persicae and by a French clone of Macrosiphum euphorbiae. In contrast, transmissibility of the two poleroviruses by an English clone of M. euphorbiae was evidently weaker, although the aphid samples contained the virus as demonstrated by RT-PCR. None of the BMYV or BChV isolates was transmitted by Aphis fabae or Myzus ascalonicus. In attempting to correlate biological properties with molecular variations, the RT proteins were sequenced. Some amino acid point variations, presumably affecting aphid transmissibility, were identified.

New insights into virus yellows distribution in Europe and effects of beet yellows virus, beet mild yellowing virus, and beet chlorosis virus on sugar beet yield following field inoculation

“…Poleroviruses are persistently transmitted by their aphid vectors (Gray & Gildow, 2003). Studies have shown that BMYV and BChV are efficiently transmitted by M. persicae (100%) and Macrosiphum euphorbiae (83%-98%) (Kozlowska-Makulska et al, 2009). Unlike closteroviruses, poleroviruses are strictly limited to the cell types of the host's phloem, that is, parenchyma, sieve elements, and companion cells (Boissinot et al, 2017).…”

“…The spread of beet western yellows virus (BWYV) is so far restricted to the USA and Asia and not relevant for the European sugar beet cultivation (Stevens et al, 2005; Xiang et al, 2008). Myzus persicae , the green peach aphid, is the main vector for all aphid‐transmitted virus species in sugar beet fields (Limburg et al, 1997; Schliephake et al, 2000; Kozlowska‐Makulska et al, 2009).…”

Interplay between a polerovirus and a closterovirus decreases aphid transmission of the polerovirus

“…BYV is mainly transmitted by the two aphid species Myzus persicae and Aphis fabae (German-Retana et al, 1999) . The main vector species for BChV is M. persicae but this virus can also be transmitted efficiently by Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Kozłowska-Makulska et al, 2009; Limburg et al, 1997) . BChV and BYV use two different modes of transmission: circulative and persistent for BChV, and non-circulative and semi-persistent for BYV.…”

Efficiency and Persistence of Movento® Treatment against Myzus persicae and the Transmission of Aphid-Borne Viruses

“…vulgaris) and rapeseed (Brassica napus) are exposed to numerous biotic stresses, of which viral yellow diseases caused on beet by different viruses [19] including Beet mild yellowing virus (BMYV, family Solemoviridae, genus Polerovirus) and on rapeseed by Turnip yellows virus (TuYV, family Solemoviridae, genus Polerovirus) [20,21]. These plant viruses, transmitted by aphids, mainly by the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer 1776) [22,23], cause important yield losses with up to 40% in case of early infections. For several decades, the main strategy to control these diseases in fields was based on the use of seeds coated with neonicotinoids (NNI) that killed aphids while they fed on treated plants.…”